An InDel variant in the promoter of the NAC transcription factor MdNAC18.1 plays a major role in apple fruit ripening

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yue, Qianyu

作者： Yue, Qianyu;Xie, Yinpeng;Yang, Xinyue;Zhang, Yuxin;Li, Zhongxing;Liu, Yunxiao;Cheng, Pengda;Yu, Yue;Zhao, Tao;Li, Xuewei;Ma, Fengwang;Guan, Qingmei;Yue, Qianyu;Wang, Xiaofei;Zhang, Ruiping;Zhang, Hengtao;Liao, Liao

作者机构：

期刊名称：PLANT CELL （ 影响因子：11.6； 五年影响因子：12.1 ）

ISSN： 1040-4651

年卷期： 2025 年 37 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： A complex regulatory network governs fruit ripening, but natural variations and functional differentiation of fruit ripening genes remain largely unknown. Utilizing a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identified the NAC family transcription factor MdNAC18.1, whose expression is closely associated with fruit ripening in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.). MdNAC18.1 activated the transcription of genes related to fruit softening (Polygalacturonase, PG) and ethylene biosynthesis (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase, ACS), thereby promoting fruit ripening of apple and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). There were two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP-1,545 and SNP-2,002) and a 58-bp insertion-deletion (InDel-58) in the promoter region of MdNAC18.1. Among these, InDel-58 serves as the main effector in activating the expression of MdNAC18.1 and driving fruit ripening. InDel-58 determines the binding affinity of the class D MADS-box protein AGAMOUS-LIKE 11 (MdAGL11), a negative regulator of fruit ripening. The InDel-58 deletion in the early-ripening genotype reduces the inhibitory effect of MdAGL11 on MdNAC18.1. Moreover, MdNAC18.1 and its homologous genes originated from a common ancestor across 61 angiosperms, with functional diversification attributed to tandem replications that occurred in basal angiosperms. In summary, our study revealed how a set of natural variations influence fruit ripening and explored the functional diversification of MdNAC18.1 during evolution. Three variants within the promoter of a NAC transcription factor are associated with fruit ripening in apple, with a 58-base pair insertion/deletion playing a major role.

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