Distribution, partitioning behaviors, and source identification of legacy and emerging per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances in the Pearl River Estuary, South China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Tang, Bin

作者： Tang, Bin;Peng, Can;Zhou, Dong-Jing;Wu, Kai-Yi;Zhang, Shi-Yi;Li, Bo-Wen;Hu, Guo-Cheng;Ren, Ming-Zhong;Zheng, Jing;Tang, Bin;Peng, Can;Hu, Guo-Cheng;Ren, Ming-Zhong;Tian, Fei;Chen, Hai-Gang

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关键词： Legacy and emerging pfass; Spatial variation; Hydrological properties; Source apportionment; Ecological risk assessment

期刊名称：WATER RESEARCH （ 影响因子：12.4； 五年影响因子：12.9 ）

ISSN： 0043-1354

年卷期： 2025 年 285 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Estuaries serve as a sink for land-based pollutants like legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), however, the environmental behaviors of emerging PFASs (ePFASs) remain largely unknown. This study investigated the occurrence, behaviors, and sources of 18 legacy PFASs and 13 ePFASs across the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). The results indicated that the total concentrations of PFASs (Sigma PFASs) in seawater, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment ranged from 1.20 to 25.6 ng/L, not detected (ND) to 635 ng/g dry weight (dw), and 0.93 to 6.84 ng/g dw, respectively. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant chemical (25.4 %) in seawater, while sodium p-perfluorooctanoate nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (PFNOBS) for SPM (75.0 %) and sediment (37.9 %). PFASs exhibited a nearshore-to-offshore decreasing trend in seawater, while significant enrichment was observed in SPM and sediment at the river-sea junction, primarily attributed to urban/industrial discharges and the "marginal filtration effect". Partition coefficients (log K-d, log K-OC, and log K-p) exhibited strong linear correlations with carbon chain length of PFASs, indicated that long-chain PFASs were more readily adsorbed by the solid phase. SPM-mediated transport significantly enhanced long-chain PFAS distribution (log K-p =1.85-4.73), while salinity negatively influenced K-d of short-chain PFCAs (p < 0.05). Source apportionment analysis revealed the diverse sources of PFASs, including electronics, electroplating, textiles, papermaking, food packaging and emerging fluorochemical manufacturing, which aligns with PFAS releases from industrial processes and commercial products within the Pearl River Delta. Overall low ecological risk of PFASs was observed in the PRE, yet legacy PFOA and emerging substances, including 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA), hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA), and PFNOBS, warrant attention due to their potential accumulation potential and associated risks. This study underscores the critical role of SPM in PFAS dynamics and provides significant insights into the partitioning behavior and sources of PFASs, particularly ePFASs, within estuarine aquatic systems.

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