An invasive beetle-fungus complex is maintained by fungal nutritional-compensation mediated by bacterial volatiles

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liu, Fanghua

作者： Liu, Fanghua;Wickham, Jacob D.;Lu, Min;Sun, Jianghua;Liu, Fanghua;Sun, Jianghua;Cao, Qingjie;Lu, Min

作者机构：

期刊名称：ISME JOURNAL （ 影响因子：10.302； 五年影响因子：12.284 ）

ISSN： 1751-7362

年卷期： 2020 年 14 卷 11 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Mutualisms between symbiotic microbes and animals have been well documented, and nutritional relationships provide the foundation for maintaining beneficial associations. The well-studied mutualism between bark beetles and their fungi has become a classic model system in the study of symbioses. Despite the nutritional competition between bark beetles and beneficial fungi in the same niche due to poor nutritional feeding substrates, bark beetles still maintain mutualistic associations with beneficial fungi over time. The mechanism behind this phenomenon, however, remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated the bark beetleDendroctonus valensLeConte relies on the symbiotic bacterial volatile ammonia, as a nitrogen source, to regulate carbohydrate metabolism of its mutualistic fungusLeptographium procerumto alleviate nutritional competition, thereby maintaining the stability of the bark beetle-fungus mutualism. Ammonia significantly reduces competition ofL. procerumfor carbon resources forD. valenslarval growth and increases fungal growth. Using stable isotope analysis, we show the fungus breakdown of phloem starch intod-glucose by switching on amylase genes only in the presence of ammonia. Deletion of amylase genes interferes with the conversion of starch to glucose. The acceleration of carbohydrate consumption and the conversion of starch into glucose benefit this invasive beetle-fungus complex. The nutrient consumption-compensation strategy mediated by tripartite beetle-fungus-bacterium aids the maintenance of this invasive mutualism under limited nutritional conditions, exacerbating its invasiveness with this competitive nutritional edge.

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