Origin and stepwise evolution of vertebrate lungs

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Li, Ye

作者： Li, Ye;Hu, Mingliang;Zheng, Jiangmin;Zhang, Fenghua;Hao, Jiaqi;Xue, Tingfeng;Zhu, Chenglong;Liu, Yuxuan;Zhao, Lei;Xu, Wenjie;Xin, Peidong;Feng, Chenguang;Wang, Wen;Qiu, Qiang;Wang, Kun;Zhang, Zhigang;Zhao, Yilin;Zhang, Zhigang;Zhao, Yilin;Wu, Baosheng;Li, Zhaohong;Wang, Wen;Wang, Kun

作者机构：

期刊名称：NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION （ 影响因子：14.5； 五年影响因子：17.6 ）

ISSN： 2397-334X

年卷期： 2025 年 9 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Lungs are essential respiratory organs in terrestrial vertebrates, present in most bony fishes but absent in cartilaginous fishes, making them an ideal model for studying organ evolution. Here we analysed single-cell RNA sequencing data from adult and developing lungs across vertebrate species, revealing significant similarities in cell composition, developmental trajectories and gene expression patterns. Surprisingly, a large proportion of lung-related genes, coexpression patterns and many lung enhancers are present in cartilaginous fishes despite their lack of lungs, suggesting that a substantial genetic foundation for lung development existed in the last common ancestor of jawed vertebrates. In addition, the 1,040 enhancers that emerged since the last common ancestor of bony fishes probably contain lung-specific elements that led to the development of lungs. We further identified alveolar type 1 cells as a mammal-specific alveolar cell type, along with several mammal-specific genes, including ager and sfta2, that are highly expressed in lungs. Functional validation showed that deletion of sfta2 in mice leads to severe respiratory defects, highlighting its critical role in mammalian lung features. Our study provides comprehensive insights into the evolution of vertebrate lungs, demonstrating how both regulatory network modifications and the emergence of new genes have shaped lung development and specialization across species.

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