Microbial mechanism of biochar addition to reduce N2O emissions from soilless substrate systems

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liang, Xiaofeng

作者： Liang, Xiaofeng;Qi, Zhiyong;Zhou, Wanlai;Yang, Rui;Zhang, Dongdong;Wang, Hong;Qi, Zhiyong;Lin, Wei;Li, Qiaozhen;Li, Yuzhong;Lin, Wei;Li, Yuzhong

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关键词： Biochar; Fungal denitrification; N 2 O reduction; Stable isotope; Molecular biotechnology

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：8.7； 五年影响因子：8.4 ）

ISSN： 0301-4797

年卷期： 2023 年 348 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The soilless peat-based substrate partially solves the global soil problem in greenhouse vegetable production. However, it still produces serious N2O emissions due to the application of nutrient solutions. The pyrolysis biochar is regarded as an effective measure to reduce soil N2O emissions. However, the effect and mechanism of biochar on N2O emissions from the soilless substrate remain unknown. Therefore, this study set up six treatments by adjusting the ratio of biochar addition of peat-based substrate: 0% (0BC), 2% (2BC), 4% (4BC), 6% (6BC), 8% (8BC) and 10% (10BC) (v/v). The results showed that compared to the control treatment, N2O emissions reduced by 81%, 71%, 51%, 61%, and 75% in the 2BC, 4BC, 6BC, 8BC and 10BC treatments, respectively. In addition, lettuce yield increased by 10% and 7% in the 2BC and 4BC treatments and decreased by 0.5%, 4% and 6% in the 6BC, 8BC and 10BC treatments, respectively. Combining stable isotope technology, qPCR analysis and highthroughput sequencing, five microbial pathways of N2O production, including bacterial and archaea nitrification (BN and AN), denitrification performed by fungi, denitrifier bacteria and nitrifier bacteria (FD, DD and ND), were roughly distinguished. In addition, the extent of N2O reduction was obtained by delta 18O vs.delta 15NSP map. For all treatments, overall, the DD process (over 50%) was the main process of N2O production and reduction, while ND and AN processes were almost negligible (less 5%). In detail, the decrease of N2O emissions was caused by decreasing the contribution of FD in the 6BC, 8BC and 10BC treatments and reducing the contribution of BN in the 0BC and 2BC treatments. In addition, biochar addition increased the extent of N2O reduction to N2. In summary, the 2% biochar addition presented the greatest extent of N2O reduction to N2 (83%) and the lowest N2O emissions as well as the highest lettuce yields and nitrogen utilization efficiency. Therefore, 2% biochar is deemed the most optimal addition to the peat-based substrate.

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