Integrated Genetic Diversity and Multi-Omics Analysis of Colour Formation in Safflower

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Qin, Yonghua

作者： Qin, Yonghua;Fan, Kangjun;Yimamu, Aidiya;Zhan, Peng;Lv, Lu;Li, Gang;Liu, Jiao;Liu, Hong;Qin, Rui;Hu, Zunhong;Hu, Xueli;Yan, Xingchu

作者机构：

关键词： Carthamus tinctorius L.; genetic diversity; core germplasm; transcriptome; metabolome

期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES （ 影响因子：4.9； 五年影响因子：5.7 ）

ISSN： 1661-6596

年卷期： 2025 年 26 卷 2 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a medicinal and edible cash crop that is widely cultivated worldwide. However, the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm resources and the reasons for the variations in safflower flower colour remain unclear. In this study, we used a combination of agronomic traits and Indel markers to assess the genetic diversity of 614 safflower germplasm resources. The results showed that most of the evaluated agronomic traits had high variability. The mean values of the Shannon's information index (I) and polymorphism information content (PIC) in 50 pairs of Indel markers were 0.551 and 0.296, respectively. The population structure, neighbour-joining phylogeny, and principal coordinate analyses classified all genotypes into four subgroups, and 214 safflower core germplasms were constructed. Multiple analyses of genetic diversity parameters, range conformity, and the percentage of variance difference showed that the core germplasm did not differ significantly and could represent the original germplasm better. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that flavonoid synthesis-related genes, including CHS, F3H, ANS, and BZ1, were differentially expressed in different coloured safflowers. Most significantly, different genes and metabolite compounds in white safflowers were enriched upstream from the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway to the production of naringenin, whereas those in red safflowers were concentrated in the downstream pathway from eriodictyol. Meanwhile, the preliminary quantification of anthocyanins and carotenoids extracted from red, orange, and white types of safflower showed that the level of both anthocyanins and carotenoids were highest in red types. This work provides new insights into the formation of different safflower flower colours and in the conservation and management of safflower germplasm.

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