Exploring gut-lung axis crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Insights from a hACE2 mouse model

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhang, Yu

作者： Zhang, Yu;Ma, Yifang;Zhou, Xiaoyang;Wang, Ruixuan;Xie, Peng;Dai, Lu;Li, Jintao;Sun, Weiyang;Gao, Yuwei

作者机构：

关键词： COVID-19; gut dysbiosis; gut microbiota; hACE2 mouse model; SARS-CoV-2

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY （ 影响因子：12.7； 五年影响因子：8.5 ）

ISSN： 0146-6615

年卷期： 2024 年 96 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Based on the forefront of clinical research, there is a growing recognition that the gut microbiota, which plays a pivotal role in shaping both the innate and adaptive immune systems, may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although an association between altered gut microbiota and COVID-19 pathogenesis has been established, the causative mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Additionally, the validation of the precise functional alterations within the gut microbiota relevant to COVID-19 pathogenesis has been limited by a scarcity of suitable animal experimental models. In the present investigation, we employed a newly developed humanized ACE2 knock-in (hACE2-KI) mouse model, capable of recapitulating critical aspects of pulmonary and intestinal infection, to explore the modifications in the gut microbiota following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Examination of fecal samples using 16S rRNA gene profiling unveiled a notable reduction in species richness and conspicuous alterations in microbiota composition at 6 days postinfection (dpi). These alterations were primarily characterized by a decline in beneficial bacterial species and an escalation in certain opportunistic pathogens. Moreover, our analysis entailed a correlation study between the gut microbiota and plasma cytokine concentrations, revealing the potential involvement of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae genera in attenuating hyperinflammatory responses triggered by the infection. Furthermore, integration of gut microbiota data with RNA-seq analysis results suggested that the increased presence of Staphylococcus in fecal samples may signify the potential for bacterial coinfection in lung tissues via gut translocation. In summary, our hACE2-KI mouse model effectively recapitulated the observed alterations in the gut microbiota during SARS-CoV-2 infection. This model presents a valuable tool for elucidating gut microbiota-targeted strategies aimed at mitigating COVID-19.

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