Optimization for crop-livestock systems through a holistic watershed based on water quality requirement: a case study in China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wei, Yueying

作者： Wei, Yueying;Yin, Gaofei;Tong, Bingxin;Yang, Ziwei;Wang, Jiabao;Jiao, Huiqing;Wen, Hongda;Li, Wenchao;Du, Xinzhong;Liu, Hongbin

作者机构：

关键词： Water quality; Crop-livestock system; Holistic watershed

期刊名称：AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS （ 影响因子：6.1； 五年影响因子：7.0 ）

ISSN： 0308-521X

年卷期： 2025 年 230 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： CONTEXT: Agricultural nonpoint source (ANPS) pollution resulted from crop-livestock production is a major contributor to the degradation of surface water quality. Previous studies have proved that optimization of croplivestock production is an effective way to control ANPS pollution, however, the optimization method through a holistic watershed is lacking. OBJECTIVE: Here, a novel optimization framework integrating zonal management, dynamic water quality thresholds, and policy-technology synergy was proposed to reconcile agricultural production and environmental goals. METHODS: The Baiyangdian Watershed (China) was selected as a case study to quantify the water environmental impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) from crop-livestock systems (2015-2020). Eight optimization scenarios were simulated to assess potential mitigation strategies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Results from the present study showed that the crop-livestock system contributed to 74.5 % and 89.9 % of N and P fluxes, respectively. Livestock production accounted for 86.2 % and 96.8 % of N and P fluxes from this system. The optimal management strategy was to adjust the crop and livestock structure, achieving 100 % compliance with dynamic water quality targets while ensuring inter-regional equity. Livestock management was essential for enhancing water quality, with integrated strategies demonstrating a 35.3 % exceedance of the requirements of loose thresholds. The impact of livestock reduction on watershed water quality improvement was primarily attributed to the upstream regions, while Baiyangdian's adjacent areas demonstrated exceptional manure management performance due to policy-driven interventions. The achievement of watershed water quality objectives required comprehensive consideration of regional environmental background, with spatial coordinated optimization ensuring holistic compliance. SIGNIFICANCE: This study not only provided a typical case for coordinated governance at the watershed scale, but also, through the transfer and expansion of scales, offered significant references for water quality management practices at the national and even global scales.

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