Advances in mushroom research in the last decade

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Fan, Leifa

作者： Fan, Leifa;Pan, Huijuan;Soccol, Andrea Thomaz;Pandey, Ashok;Soccol, Carlos Ricardo

作者机构：

关键词： cytogenetics;genetic breeding;antimicrobial;antitumor;mushrooms;dietary supplement

期刊名称：FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY （ 影响因子：3.918； 五年影响因子：3.71 ）

ISSN： 1330-9862

年卷期： 2006 年 44 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： There has been a lot of progress in mushroom science and biotechnology in the last decade. The optimization of PFGE separation of fungal chromosomes allowed the study of the molecular karyotype of mushrooms and the assignment of genes to chromosomes. There are 115 genes encoded from different species of mushrooms. Cross breeding continues to be the principal method, but it is accompanied by the analyses of RAPD or RFLPs methods. The genetic makers are used and introduced into commercial large hybrids via introgression breeding. The complex traits such as yield, resistance to disease and quality characteristics, and quantitative traits more than one quantitative trait locus (QTL) are found and used in practice. The transformants or transgenic mutant strains were obtained by Agrobacterium system or particle bombardment. At least 651 species representing 182 genera of hetero- and homobasidiomycetes mushrooms were researched containing antitumor or immunostimulating polysaccharides. Ergosterol in the lipid fraction was identified as one of the most active constituents. New sesquiterpenoid hydroquinones, steroids, oxalic acid, triterpenes, water-soluble lignins, sulfated polysaccharides, protein-bound polysaccharides are researched intensively as antimicrobial or antiviral agents. Many small molecular mass compounds exhibit cytotoxic activities, such as illudins, leaianafulvene, triterpenes (ganoderic acids), acetoxyscirpenediol, ergosterol peroxide, sterols. There are many other compounds or activities found in the mushrooms, such as antioxidative, hypoglycemic action, anti-inflammatory effect, hepatoprotective compounds, psychoactive compounds and activities.

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