Impact of Phosphorus Fertilization on Leaching, Accumulation, and Microbial Cycling in New Apple Orchards
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Shen, Yuwen 1 ; Lin, Haitao 1 ; Xue, Rui 1 ; Ma, Yanan 2 ; Song, Yan 3 ;
作者机构： 1.Shandong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Shandong Prov Engn Res Ctr Environm Protect Fertil, State Key Lab Nutrient Use & Management,Key Lab Wa, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China
2.Shandong Inst Pomol, Tai An 271000, Peoples R China
3.Stanley Agr Grp Co Ltd, Linyi 276700, Peoples R China
关键词： new apple orchard; phosphorus fertilization; soil phosphorus leaching; phosphorus fixation; phosphorus cycling genes
期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）
ISSN：
年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 4 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Field experiments spanning five years were conducted to convert barren mountainous land into apple orchards, testing five phosphorus (P) fertilization schemes: no inorganic P (NP0K), superphosphate (FP), water-soluble inorganic P (WSF), superphosphate with alkaline soil conditioner (SC), and superphosphate with grass interplanting (GC). Fertilizer solubility and soil pH were found to significantly impact P leaching and accumulation. Among the schemes, WSF exhibited the highest P leaching loss (3.65-3.87%), while SC (2.17-2.79%) and GC (2.79-3.25%) minimized such losses. As soil pH declined over time, aluminum P (Al-P) replaced calcium P (Ca-P) as the dominant inorganic P fraction, while occluded P (O-P) increased, resulting in reduced P bioavailability. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and acid phosphatase activity positively influenced inorganic P fractions, whereas prolonged orchard establishment decreased fixed inorganic P content. Microbial P cycling genes were less abundant and showed negative correlations with soil nitrate-N, electrical conductivity, available P (Olsen P), and SOC. These findings highlight that grass interplanting with superphosphate (GC) is an optimal strategy to minimize phosphorus leaching, enhance soil phosphorus bioavailability, and reduce environmental risks, making it a sustainable approach for orchard management.
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