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Nutrient loss by runoff from rice-wheat rotation during the wheat season is dictated by rainfall duration

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yan, Lei 1 ; Xue, Lihong 1 ; Petropoulos, Evangelos 4 ; Qian, Cong 1 ; Hou, Pengfu 1 ; Xu, Defu 2 ; Yang, Linzhang 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Agroenvironm Downstream Yangze Plain, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs China, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

2.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China

3.Jiangsu Univ, Sch Environm & Safety Engn, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

4.Newcastle Univ, Sch Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England

关键词： Paddy-upland rotation; Plough pan; Temporal characteristics; Nutrient loss; Simulated rainfall

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION （ 影响因子：8.071； 五年影响因子：8.35 ）

ISSN： 0269-7491

年卷期： 2021 年 285 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Clarifying the properties/features of nutrient loss from farmland surface runoff is essential for the mitigation of nutrient losses. Plough pan formation underneath topsoil is a common feature of long-term paddy soils that significantly affects water movement and nutrient runoff loss, especially during the upland season of paddyupland rotation. To characterize the nutrients that are lost from wheat fields of paddy-wheat rotation with runoff, a field experiment was conducted in a wheat field using a simulated rainfall system from November 2019 to May 2020 in Nanjing, China. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal characteristics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss under different rainfall intensities (low, 30 mm h-1; middle, 60 mm h-1; high, 90 mm h-1). The results showed that the time interval from the beginning of rain to the occurrence of runoff (time to runoff, Tr) was negatively correlated with "rainfall intensity" (Ri) (P<0.01) but unaffected by soil moisture. Different rainfall intensities had no effect on the runoff coefficient (the ratio of the runoff volume over the precipitation, 0.14-0.17). The N and P loss concentrations in the nutrient discharge followed a power-function relationship that decreased over time (P<0.01), and the peak nutrient concentration appeared during the initial runoff period (0-5 min). The N and P loss rates were the highest during the middle-to-late discharge period (15-30 min) for all intensities. In terms of cumulative nutrient losses, the amounts of TN lost were similar for all rainfall intensities, while TP significantly increased with intensity. The results revealed that nitrate-nitrogen (NOX- -N) and particulate phosphorus (PP) were the predominant forms of N and P losses. Overall, during the initial runoff period, nutrient concentration peaks, whereas the nutrient loss rate is the highest during the middle-late phase of the phenomenon.

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