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Reduced plant uptake of pesticides with biochar additions to soil

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yu, Xiang-Yang 1 ; Ying, Guang-Guo 1 ; Kookana, Rai S. 1 ;

作者机构： 1.CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia

2.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Pesticide Biol & Ecol Res Ctr, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China

关键词： pesticide;charcoal;black carbon;bioavailability;plant uptake;produce contamination

期刊名称：CHEMOSPHERE （ 影响因子：7.086； 五年影响因子：6.956 ）

ISSN：

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： We investigated the effectiveness of two types of biochars in reducing the bioavailability of two soil-applied insecticides (chlorpyrifos and carbofuran) to Spring onion (Allium cepa). The biochars prepared from the pyrolysis of Eucalyptus spp. wood chips at 450 and 850 ℃ (BC850) were thoroughly mixed into the soil to achieve 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% by soil weight. A spring onion crop was grown for 5 wk in the biochar-amended soils spiked with 50 mg kg~(-1) of each pesticide. The loss of both pesticides due to degradation and or sequestration in soils decreased significantly with increasing amounts of biochars in soil. Over 35 d, 86-88% of the pesticides were lost from the control soil, whereas it was only 51% of carbofuran and 44% of chlorpyrifos from the soil amended with 1.0% BC850. Despite greater persistence of the pesticide residues in biochar-amended soils, the plant uptake of pesticides decreased markedly with increasing biochar content of the soil. With 1 % of BC850 soil amendment, the total plant residues for chlorpyrifos and carbofuran decreased to 10% and 25% of that in the control treatment, respectively. The BC850 was particularly effective in reducing phytoavailability of both pesticides from soil, due to its high affinity for and ability to sequester pesticide residues.

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