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Integrated transcriptome and DNA methylome analysis reveal the biological base of increased resistance to gray leaf spot and growth inhibition in interspecific grafted tomato scions

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liu, Ce 1 ; Jia, Yanhong 2 ; He, Lixia 1 ; Li, Hui 3 ; Song, Jian 2 ; Ji, Lizhu 2 ; Wang, Chunguo 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Nankai Univ, Coll Life Sci, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China

2.Tianjin Acad Agr Sci, Tianjin 300380, Peoples R China

3.Tianjin Agr Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China

关键词： Tomato; Grafting; Gray leaf spot; Growth-defense tradeoff

期刊名称：BMC PLANT BIOLOGY （ 影响因子：5.3； 五年影响因子：5.9 ）

ISSN： 1471-2229

年卷期： 2024 年 24 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： BackgroundGrafting is widely used as an important agronomic approach to deal with environmental stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of grafted tomato scions in response to biotic stress and growth regulation has yet to be fully understood.ResultsThis study investigated the resistance and growth performance of tomato scions grafted onto various rootstocks. A scion from a gray leaf spot-susceptible tomato cultivar was grafted onto tomato, eggplant, and pepper rootstocks, creating three grafting combinations: one self-grafting of tomato/tomato (TT), and two interspecific graftings, namely tomato/eggplant (TE) and tomato/pepper (TP). The study utilized transcriptome and DNA methylome analyses to explore the regulatory mechanisms behind the resistance and growth traits in the interspecific graftings. Results indicated that interspecific grafting significantly enhanced resistance to gray leaf spot and improved fruit quality, though fruit yield was decreased compared to self-grafting. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that, compared to self-grafting, interspecific graftings triggered stronger wounding response and endogenous immune pathways, while restricting genes related to cell cycle pathways, especially in the TP grafting. Methylome data revealed that the TP grafting had more hypermethylated regions at CHG (H = A, C, or T) and CHH sites than the TT grafting. Furthermore, the TP grafting exhibited increased methylation levels in cell cycle related genes, such as DNA primase and ligase, while several genes related to defense kinases showed decreased methylation levels. Notably, several kinase transcripts were also confirmed among the rootstock-specific mobile transcripts.ConclusionsThe study concludes that interspecific grafting alters gene methylation patterns, thereby activating defense responses and inhibiting the cell cycle in tomato scions. This mechanism is crucial in enhancing resistance to gray leaf spot and reducing growth in grafted tomato scions. These findings offer new insights into the genetic and epigenetic contributions to agronomic trait improvements through interspecific grafting.

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