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The Evolution and Role of Molecular Tools in Measuring Diversity and Genomic Selection in Livestock Populations (Traditional and Up-to-Date Insights): A Comprehensive Exploration

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Husien, Hosameldeen Mohamed 1 ; Saleh, Ahmed A. 3 ; Hassanine, Nada N. A. M. 3 ; Rashad, Amr M. A. 4 ; Sharaby, Mahmoud A. 4 ; Mohamed, Asmaa Z. 5 ; Abdelhalim, Heba 6 ; Hafez, Elsayed E. 7 ; Essa, Mohamed Osman Abdalrahem 2 ; Adam, Saber Y. 3 ; Chen, Ning 9 ; Wang, Mengzhi 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Yangzhou Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Lab Metab Manipulat Herbivorous Anim Nutr, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China

2.Albutana Univ, Coll Vet Med, Rufaa 22217, Sudan

3.Yangzhou Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China

4.Alexandria Univ, Fac Agr Al Shatby, Anim & Fish Prod Dept, Alexandria 11865, Egypt

5.Alexandria Univ, Fac Agr Saba Basha, Anim & Fish Prod Dept, Alexandria 21531, Egypt

6.Agr Res Ctr, Anim Prod Res Inst, Giza 12126, Egypt

7.Arid Lands Cultivat Res Inst, City Sci Res & Technol Applicat, New Borg El Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt

8.Yangzhou Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China

9.Xinjiang Acad Agr Reclamat Sci, State Key Lab Sheep Genet Improvement & Hlth Prod, Shihezi 832000, Peoples R China

关键词： molecular tools; QTLs; NGS; signatures of selection; GWAS; SNP chip; genomic selection

期刊名称：VETERINARY SCIENCES （ 影响因子：2.3； 五年影响因子：2.4 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 11 卷 12 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Distinctive molecular approaches and tools, particularly high-throughput SNP genotyping, have been applied to determine and discover SNPs, potential genes of interest, indicators of evolutionary selection, genetic abnormalities, molecular indicators, and loci associated with quantitative traits (QTLs) in various livestock species. These methods have also been used to obtain whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data, enabling the implementation of genomic selection. Genomic selection allows for selection decisions based on genomic-estimated breeding values (GEBV). The estimation of GEBV relies on the calculation of SNP effects using prediction equations derived from a subset of individuals in the reference population who possess both SNP genotypes and phenotypes for target traits. Compared to traditional methods, modern genomic selection methods offer advantages for sex-limited traits, low heritability traits, late-measured traits, and the potential to increase genetic gain by reducing generation intervals. The current availability of high-density genotyping and next-generation sequencing data allow for genome-wide scans for selection. This investigation provides an overview of the essential role of advanced molecular tools in studying genetic diversity and implementing genomic selection. It also highlights the significance of adaptive selection in light of new high-throughput genomic technologies and the establishment of selective comparisons between different genomes. Moreover, this investigation presents candidate genes and QTLs associated with various traits in different livestock species, such as body conformation, meat production and quality, carcass characteristics and composition, milk yield and composition, fertility, fiber production and characteristics, and disease resistance.

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