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Effector Pt31812 from Puccinia triticina acts as avirulence factor for Lr42-mediated resistance in wheat

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Jianyuan 1 ; Li, Jiali 3 ; Wei, Jie 1 ; Li, Lin 2 ; Qi, Yue 1 ; Zhang, Yue 1 ; Yang, Wenxiang 1 ; Shen, Qian-Hua 3 ;

作者机构： 1.Agr Univ Hebei, Coll Plant Protect, Biol Control Ctr Plant Dis & Plant Pests Hebei, Dept Plant Pathol, Baoding, Peoples R China

2.Xingtai Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Engn, Xingtai, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Key Lab Seed Innovat, Beijing, Peoples R China

4.Cangzhou Tech Coll, Dept Agr & Anim Husb Engn, Cangzhou, Peoples R China

5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Resources & China Natl Bot Garden, Beijing, Peoples R China

6.Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Dryland Farming Inst, Hengshui, Peoples R China

关键词： wheat leaf rust; effector; Pt31812; avirulence gene; pathogenesis; Lr42

期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY （ 影响因子：4.5； 五年影响因子：5.2 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 16 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： As an obligate biotrophic fungus, the leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina (Pt) secretes a repertoire of effector proteins into host cells for modulating plant immunity and promoting fungal pathogenesis. Here, we identify the Pt31812 effector and characterize its function in pathogenesis and immune-related activity in plants. In the study, Pt31812 was cloned by PCR, and the expression pattern and structure were analyzed by qRT-PCR and online softwares. Subcellular localization of Pt31812 was analyzed using transient expression on Nicotiana Benthamiana. Further functional analysis was conducted using transient expression and host-induced gene silencing (HIGS). The results showed that Pt31812 encodes candidate effector with a predicted signaling peptide (SP) at the N-terminus, and its expression was highly up-regulated during Pt infection of wheat. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that Pt31812 is localized in cytoplasm and nucleus when expressed in N. Benthamiana. Co-expression of Pt31812 and mammalian BAX protein revealed that Pt31812 inhibited BAX-induced cell death in N. Benthamiana, and the fragment of 22-88 aa from the N-terminus of the effector was important for the inhibiting activity. Interestingly, expression of Pt31812 in a panel of wheat differential lines with different Lr resistance genes showed that Pt31812 specifically triggered cell death in a Lr42-harboring wheat line. Furthermore, transient gene silencing of Pt31812 through BSMV-HIGS approach rendered loss of Lr42-mediated resistance against rust race Pt.-THSN and altered the infection type from resistant to susceptible. Our data reveal that Pt31812, as a candidate effector with immune inhibiting activity, acts as an avirulence determinant factor during Pt infection of Lr42-harboring wheat line. These findings highlight immune-related activity of specific Pt effectors and lay the foundation for further investigation into mechanisms of leaf rust fungal pathogenesis and recognition.

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