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Improving smallholder farmers' maize yields and economic benefits under sustainable crop intensification in the North China Plain

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Ren, Hao 1 ; Han, Kun 1 ; Liu, Yuee 3 ; Zhao, Yali 4 ; Zhang, Lihua 5 ; He, Qijin 6 ; Li, Zhenhai 7 ; Zhang, Jibo 8 ; Liu, P 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shandong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China

2.Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China

3.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Maize Seed Testing Ctr, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

4.Henan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, Peoples R China

5.Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Cereal & Oil Crops, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, Peoples R China

6.China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

7.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Res Ctr Informat Technol Agr, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

8.Shandong Climate Ctr, Jinan 250031, Shandong, Peoples R China

关键词： Yield gaps; Maize culfivar; Plant population; Fertilizer management; Agricultural sustainability

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：7.963； 五年影响因子：7.842 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2021 年 763 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： To meet the food demands of a growing population, the maize production systems deployed by smallholders in China have tended towards extremely intensive planting and excessive use of fertilizers, which have caused serious environmental impacts This study investigated the balance between the maize yield and nitrogen (N) input in the North China Plain (NCP), which is one of the most important grain-producing region in China. Our study compared yield simulations generated by the DSSAT-CERES-Maize model with actual data from a number of multi-site field experiments and an extensive household surveys encompassing 1671 farmers. The smallholders' maize cultivars, plant population, and amount of N input on the crop yield and how these affects the economic benefits were analyzed. The results showed that the average traditional farming methods' yield was 72% of the attainable yield, which means that farmers have ample room to improve their yields. We also found that the maize yields varied widely between farmers, and that most of them applied excessive amounts of N but failing to achieve an optimal yield due to poor fertilization management techniques. The study found that the economic benefits achieved by the farmers were low, but after deploying high-yield (HY) methods, the yield was increased by 34.9% and the economic benefits by 144%. The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the traditional farming methods were high and could potentially be reduced by 48.6%. All in all, farmers should be given guidance on how to appropriately increase the plant population, reduce the input of N fertilizer, and optimize farmland management measures, so that China can achieve intensive but sustainable agricultural production at a lower environmental cost. It was concluded that there are still numerous biological and abiotic factors that restrict production increases by smallholders. These factors vary from region to region and require further investigation. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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