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Food Security and Climate Stabilization: Can Cereal Production Systems Address Both?

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liang, Long 1 ; Ridoutt, Bradley G. 2 ; Wang, Liyuan 4 ;

作者机构： 1.Guizhou Univ Finance & Econ, Strategy Res Inst Rural Revitalizat, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China

2.Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org CSIRO Agr & Food, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia

3.Univ Free State, Dept Agr Econ, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa

4.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China

关键词： agricultural soils; GHG emission; life cycle assessment; product carbon footprint; carbon efficiency; agricultural intensification; fertilizer management

期刊名称：SUSTAINABILITY （ 影响因子：3.251； 五年影响因子：3.473 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2021 年 13 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： There is abundant evidence that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of cereal products, expressed per ton of grain output, have been trending downward over the past 20 years. This has largely been achieved through agricultural intensification that has concurrently increased area-based GHG emissions. The challenge is for agriculture to increase grain yields to meet the food demands of a growing world population while also contributing to climate stabilization goals by reducing net GHG emissions. This study assessed yield-based and area-based emissions and efficiencies for the winter wheat-summer maize (WWSM) rotation system over the period 1996 to 2016 using long-term, longitudinal, farm survey data and detailed soil emission data in Huantai county, Shandong Province, which is an archetype for cereal production across the North China Plain (NCP). In this region, yields have been increasing over time. However, nitrogen fertilizer inputs have decreased substantially with greater adoption of soil nutrient testing. In addition, there has been widespread adoption of residue incorporation into soils. As such, since 2002, the product carbon footprints of wheat and maize have reduced by 25% and 30%, respectively. Meanwhile, area-based carbon footprints for the rotation system have reduced by around 15% over the same period. These findings demonstrate the importance of detailed assessment of soil N2O emissions and rates of soil organic carbon sequestration. They also show the potential for net reductions in GHG emissions in cropping without loss of grain yields.

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