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Removal of roosters alters the domestic phenotype and microbial and genetic profile of hens

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xiang, Hai 1 ; Chen, Siyu 1 ; Zhang, Hui 3 ; Zhu, Xu 3 ; Wang, Dan 3 ; Liu, Huagui 6 ; Wang, Jikun 7 ; Yin, Tao 3 ; Liu, Lan 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Foshan Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Anim Mol Design & Precise, Foshan 528225, Peoples R China

2.Foshan Univ, Sch Life Sci & Engn, Foshan 528225, Peoples R China

3.China Agr Univ, Natl Engn Lab Anim Breeding, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

4.China Agr Univ, Key Lab Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Minist Agr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

5.China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

6.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Med, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

7.Southwest Minzu Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Anim Genet Resour, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China

8.Southwest Minzu Univ, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China

9.Scotlands Rural Coll, Anim & Vet Sci Res Grp, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, Midlothian, Scotland

关键词： chicken; domestic phenotype; fear; gut microbiome; rooster; transcriptome

期刊名称：SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES （ 影响因子：6.038； 五年影响因子：4.754 ）

ISSN： 1674-7305

年卷期：

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Hens are raised apart from roosters in modern poultry production, a substantial change from their natural social structure. We compared productivity, injuries, behavior, physiology, microbiome and transcriptome of hens housed with (R+) or without (R-) roosters to quantify the effects of this change in social structure. Hens were raised free-range from 70 to 280 days when 30 birds per treatment were assigned to battery cages until Day 315 (R+C vs. R-C), while 30 birds per treatment remained in free-range pens (R+F vs. R-F). Response to a novel environment and object, behavioral time budgets, cecum microbiome, blood composition and transcriptomic sequencing of thigh muscle and spleen were analyzed. Hens housed without roosters showed better survival, consumed less food, produced more eggs and had better feed conversion. R+F hens clustered around the rooster and were less mobile in the novel environment and object tests. R+F hens displayed the richest microbiome, and the presence of roosters resulted in differentially expressed genes related to muscle development, cellular processes, environmental information processing and immune function. Removing roosters from housed hens intensified desirable characteristics favored by domestication probably operating by deprivation of mating behavior and reduced fear, along with altered microbial and genetic function.

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