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Long-term biochar application governs the molecular compositions and decomposition of organic matter in paddy soil

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Sun, Jiali 1 ; Li, Hongbo 1 ; Zhang, Deshan 2 ; Liu, Ruliang 3 ; Zhang, Aiping 1 ; Rengel, Zed 4 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Environm & Sustainable Dev Agr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

2.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Ecol Environm Protect Res, Shanghai, Peoples R China

3.Ningxia Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Yinchuan, Ningxia, Peoples R China

4.Univ Western Australia, UWA Sch Agr & Environm, Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, Perth, WA, Australia

5.Inst Adriat Crops & Karst Reclamat, Split, Croatia

关键词： biomarkers; enzyme activity; growth stage; lignin; lipids; rhizosphere soil; SOC fraction

期刊名称：GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY （ 影响因子：4.745； 五年影响因子：5.672 ）

ISSN： 1757-1693

年卷期： 2021 年 13 卷 12 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Biochar addition can enhance soil quality and sequester carbon. However, changes in soil organic matter (SOM) molecular compositions in response to long-term biochar addition have rarely been studied. Therefore, we quantified soil organic carbon fractions, carbon-cycling enzyme activities, and a range of organic compounds and lignin-derived phenols in the rhizosphere and bulk soils in different rice growth stages in the 8-year field trial with biochar application rates of 0 (BC-0), 4.5 (BC-L), and 13.5 t ha(-1) year(-1) (BC-H). We found that higher amounts of biochar addition (BC-H) increased labile organic carbon (LOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), and promoted activities of alpha-1,4-glucosidase, beta-D-cellobiohydrolase and beta-1,4-xylosidase; in contrast, BC-L treatment reduced activities of these enzymes. The concentrations of dichloromethane/methanol-extractable plant- and microbial-derived organic compounds in the rhizosphere and bulk soils at tillering decreased significantly in the treatment with low amount of biochar addition. BC-L also significantly altered the concentrations of extracted compounds in the rhizosphere soil at tillering and harvest. Concentration of lignin in the bulk soil was significantly reduced in BC-L at tillering (by 19%) and harvest (by 28%). The concentrations of extracted compounds (e.g., n-alkanols, n-alkanoic acids, steroids, and carbohydrates) and lignin were generally significantly higher in the bulk than the rhizosphere soil at tillering and harvest. Long-term biochar application (BC-H) promoted lignin decomposition in the bulk soil (at tillering) and the rhizosphere soil (at harvest). Hence, biochar decreased stability of lignin in paddy soil. Our study provided evidence that long-term biochar application changed the molecular composition and dynamics of degradation of SOM. These results deepen our understanding of the mechanisms governing SOM stability in agricultural ecosystems.

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