文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Hou, Yali ¹ ; Qi, Furong ¹ ; Bai, Xue ¹ ; Ren, Tong ¹ ; Shen, Xu ¹ ; Chu, Qin ⁴ ; Zhang, Xiquan ⁵ ; Lu, Xuemei ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Genom, Key Lab Genom & Precis Med, Beijing, Peoples R China

2.China Natl Ctr Bioinformat, Beijing, Peoples R China

3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China

4.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Med, Beijing, Peoples R China

5.South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Agroanim Genom & Mol Breed, Minist Agr, Guangzhou, Peoples R China

6.South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Chicken Genet Breeding & Reprod, Minist Agr, Guangzhou, Peoples R China

7.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China

关键词： Convergent evolution; Domestication and adaptation; Artificial selection; Behavioral modification

期刊名称：BMC GENOMICS （ 影响因子：3.969； 五年影响因子：4.478 ）

ISSN： 1471-2164

年卷期： 2020 年 21 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background In response to ecological niche of domestication, domesticated mammals and birds developed adaptively phenotypic homoplasy in behavior modifications like fearlessness, altered sociability, exploration and cognition, which partly or indirectly result in consequences for economic productivity. Such independent adaptations provide an excellent model to investigate molecular mechanisms and patterns of evolutionary convergence driven by artificial selection. Results First performing population genomic and brain transcriptional comparisons in 68 wild and domesticated chickens, we revealed evolutionary trajectories, genetic architectures and physiologic bases of adaptively behavioral alterations. To extensively decipher molecular convergence on behavioral changes thanks to domestication, we investigated selection signatures in hundreds of genomes and brain transcriptomes across chicken and 6 other domesticated mammals. Although no shared substitution was detected, a common enrichment of the adaptive mutations in regulatory sequences was observed, presenting significance to drive adaptations. Strong convergent pattern emerged at levels of gene, gene family, pathway and network. Genes implicated in neurotransmission, semaphorin, tectonic protein and modules regulating neuroplasticity were central focus of selection, supporting molecular repeatability of homoplastic behavior reshapes. Genes at nodal positions in trans-regulatory networks were preferably targeted. Consistent down-regulation of majority brain genes may be correlated with reduced brain size during domestication. Up-regulation of splicesome genes in chicken rather mammals highlights splicing as an efficient way to evolve since avian-specific genomic contraction of introns and intergenics. Genetic burden of domestication elicits a general hallmark. The commonly selected genes were relatively evolutionary conserved and associated with analogous neuropsychiatric disorders in human, revealing trade-off between adaption to life with human at the cost of neural changes affecting fitness in wild. Conclusions After a comprehensive investigation on genomic diversity and evolutionary trajectories in chickens, we revealed basis, pattern and evolutionary significance of molecular convergence in domesticated bird and mammals, highlighted the genetic basis of a compromise on utmost adaptation to the lives with human at the cost of high risk of neurophysiological changes affecting animals' fitness in wild.