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Differences in Grain Yield and Nitrogen Uptake between Tetraploid and Diploid Rice: The Physiological Mechanisms under Field Conditions

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xiao, Jian 1 ; Xiong, Zhuang 2 ; Huang, Jiada 3 ; Zhang, Zuolin 4 ; Cai, Detian 5 ; Xiong, Dongliang 1 ; Cui, Kehui 1 ; Peng, Shaobing 1 ; Huang, Jianliang 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement,Minist Agr, Key Lab Crop Ecophysiol & Farming Syst Middle Reac, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

2.Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg & Chinese Acad Sci, Guangxi Inst Bot, Guangxi Key Lab Plant Funct Phytochem & Sustainabl, Guilin 541006, Peoples R China

3.Guangxi Univ, Coll Agr, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China

4.Hubei Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Crops, Hubei Key Lab Food Crop Germplasm & Genet Improvem, Wuhan 430064, Peoples R China

5.Hubei Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China

关键词： rice; nitrogen; planting density; grain yield; nitrogen use efficiency

期刊名称：PLANTS-BASEL （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：4.5 ）

ISSN： 2223-7747

年卷期： 2024 年 13 卷 20 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Research indicates that, owing to the enhanced grain-filling rate of tetraploid rice, its yield has notably improved compared to previous levels. Studies conducted on diploid rice have revealed that optimal planting density and fertilization rates play crucial roles in regulating rice yield. In this study, we investigated the effects of different nitrogen application and planting density treatments on the growth, development, yield, and nitrogen utilization in tetraploid (represented by T7, an indica-japonica conventional allotetraploid rice) and diploid rice (Fengliangyou-4, represented by FLY4, a two-line super hybrid rice used as a reference variety for the approval of super rice with a good grain yield performance). The results indicated that the highest grain-filling rate of T7 could reach 77.8% under field experimental conditions due to advancements in tetraploid rice breeding. This is a significant improvement compared with the rate seen in previous research. Under the same conditions, T7 exhibited a significantly lower grain yield than FLY4, which could be attributed to its lower grain-filling rate, spikelets per panicle, panicle number m-2, and harvest index score. Nitrogen application and planting density displayed little effect on the grain yield of both genotypes. A higher planting density significantly enhanced the leaf area index and biomass accumulation, but decreased the harvest index score. Compared with T7, FLY4 exhibited a significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUEg), which was mainly due to the higher nitrogen content in the straw. Increasing nitrogen application significantly decreased NUEg due to its minimal effect on grain yield combined with its significant enhancement of nitrogen uptake. Our results suggest that the yield and grain-filling rate of T7 have been improved compared with those of previously tested polyploid rice, but are still lower than those of FLY4, and the yield of tetraploid rice can be further improved by enhancing the grain-filling rate, panicle number m-2, and spikelets per panicle via genotype improvement.

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