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Subgenome dominance and its evolutionary implications in crop domestication and breeding

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Zheng 1 ; Yang, Jinghua 5 ; Cheng, Feng 6 ; Li, Peirong 1 ; Xin, Xiaoyun 1 ; Wang, Weihong 1 ; Yu, Yangjun 1 ; Zhang, Deshuang 1 ; Zhao, Xiuyun 1 ; Yu, Shuancang 1 ; Zhang, Fenglan 1 ; Dong, Yang 7 ; Su, Tongbing 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci BAAFS, Beijing Vegetable Res Ctr BVRC, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

2.Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

3.Minist Agr, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops North, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

4.Beijing Key Lab Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

5.Zhejiang Univ, Inst Vegetable Sci, Lab Germplasm Innovat & Mol Breeding, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China

6.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

7.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China

期刊名称：HORTICULTURE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：7.291； 五年影响因子：7.487 ）

ISSN： 2662-6810

年卷期： 2022 年 9 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Polyploidization or whole-genome duplication (WGD) is a well-known speciation and adaptation mechanism in angiosperms, while subgenome dominance is a crucial phenomenon in allopolyploids, established following polyploidization. The dominant subgenomes contribute more to genome evolution and homoeolog expression bias, both of which confer advantages for short-term phenotypic adaptation and long-term domestication. In this review, we firstly summarize the probable mechanistic basis for subgenome dominance, including the effects of genetic [transposon, genetic incompatibility, and homoeologous exchange (HE)], epigenetic (DNA methylation and histone modification), and developmental and environmental factors on this evolutionary process. We then move to Brassica rapa, a typical allopolyploid with subgenome dominance. Polyploidization provides the B. rapa genome not only with the genomic plasticity for adapting to changeable environments, but also an abundant genetic basis for morphological variation, making it a representative species for subgenome dominance studies. According to the 'two-step theory', B. rapa experienced genome fractionation twice during WGD, in which most of the genes responding to the environmental cues and phytohormones were overretained, enhancing subgenome dominance and consequent adaption. More than this, the pangenome of 18 B. rapa accessions with different morphotypes recently constructed provides further evidence to reveal the impacts of polyploidization and subgenome dominance on intraspecific diversification in B. rapa. Above and beyond the fundamental understanding of WGD and subgenome dominance in B. rapa and other plants, however, it remains elusive why subgenome dominance has tissue- and spatiotemporalspecific features and could shuffle between homoeologous regions of different subgenomes by environments in allopolyploids. We lastly propose acceleration of the combined application of resynthesized allopolyploids, omics technology, and genome editing tools to deepen mechanistic investigations of subgenome dominance, both genetic and epigenetic, in a variety of species and environments. We believe that the implications of genomic and genetic basis of a variety of ecologically, evolutionarily, and agriculturally interesting traits coupled with subgenome dominance will be uncovered and aid in making new discoveries and crop breeding.

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