文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Mao, Xinping ¹ ; Gu, Jialin ⁴ ; Wang, Fang ² ; Wang, Kun ¹ ; Liu, Ruliang ² ; Hong, Yu ² ; Wang, Ying ² ; Han, Fengpeng ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess Pl, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Xianyang 712100, Peoples R China

2.Ningxia Acad Agroforestry Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Yinchuan 750002, Peoples R China

3.Ningxia Acad Agroforestry Sci, Natl Agr Environm Yinchuan Observat & Expt Stn, Yinchuan 750002, Peoples R China

4.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Plant Nutr Resources & Environm, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Res Ctr Soil & Water Conservat, Minist Water Resources, Xianyang 712100, Peoples R China

关键词： agricultural non-point source pollution; nitrogen use efficiency; nitrogen leaching; open-field tomato; principal component analysis; quality

期刊名称：PLANTS-BASEL （ 影响因子：4.0； 五年影响因子：4.4 ）

ISSN： 2223-7747

年卷期： 2024 年 13 卷 7 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The overuse of fertilizers in open-field tomato leads to soil deterioration through nutrient leaching and increases the risk of agricultural non-point source contamination. Currently, the combined effects of different fertilization methods on soil nitrogen leaching and tomato production are still unclear. Therefore, the most effective fertilization method for open-field tomato should be discovered by examining how different fertilization methods affected tomato yield and quality, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and soil nitrogen leaching. Compared with CK (no fertilization), fertilization significantly increased the yield, total sugar (TS), total soluble solids (TSS), and vitamin C (vC) contents of fruits (p < 0.05), and OPT (optimal fertilization, controlled release nitrogen application, 240 kg ha(-1)) had the largest effect on increasing yield, quality, and net profit. However, when the fertilizer application rate reached 375 kg ha(-1), these indices decreased. Nitrogen leaching concentrations, leaching amount, and titratable acids (TAs) increased with increased nitrogen application rates. Compared with other treatments, OPT reduced the total leaching amounts of total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) by 30.09-51.79%, 24.89-50.03%, and 30-65%, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that OPT achieved the highest overall score in terms of yield, quality, and nitrogen leaching conditions. The partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) further reveals that applications of high amounts of nitorigen have a positive effect on soil nitrogen leaching. The amount of nitrogen leaching vegetatively affects tomato yield and quality, while plant uptake of nitrogen positively affects tomato production. These findings confirm the importance of using controlled-release fertilizers and reducing nitrogen inputs to control nitrogen leaching and enhance open-field tomato yields.