Spatio-temporal dynamics in the dissolved nutrient waste plume from Norwegian salmon cage aquaculture
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Jansen, H. M. 1 ; Broch, O. J. 3 ; Bannister, R. 1 ; Cranford, P. 4 ; Handa, A. 3 ; Husa, V 1 ; Jiang, Z. 5 ; Strohmeier, 1 ;
作者机构： 1.Inst Marine Res, Nordnesgaten 50, N-5005 Bergen, Norway
2.Wageningen Univ & Res, WMR, POB 77, NL-4400 AB Yerseke, Netherlands
3.SINTEF Ocean, Postboks 4762 Torgarden, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway
4.Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St Andrews Biol Stn, 125 Marine Sci Dr, St Andrews, NB E5B 0E4, Canada
5.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yellow Sea Fisheries Res Inst, 106 Nanjing Rd, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China
关键词： Atlantic salmon; Farm scale; Nutrients; Nitrogen; Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture; IMTA; Pelagic; Environmental impact
期刊名称：AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS （ 影响因子：3.074； 五年影响因子：3.475 ）
ISSN： 1869-215X
年卷期： 2018 年 10 卷
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： The aim of this study was to define the waste plume dynamics around a salmon farm in Norway. Systematic water sampling and numerical modeling were implemented to define nutrient concentrations in the upper water column at long-term (seasonal) and short-term (between and within days) time scales. Nutrient enhancement was observed for ammonium only, while the concentrations of orthophosphate and organic wastes were never higher than the background values. The spatial magnitude of cage effluent dispersion was limited. Empirical results detected enhanced concentrations up to 100 m down-current of the farm when fish biomass was high. Model results showed that the zone of influence could occasionally reach to > 1000 m. In the first year of production, when fish biomass was low, no enhancement was detected, and in April and September of the following year, average ammonium concentrations were respectively 0.2 and 0.8 mu M above the background concentrations. Taking the ambient seasonal variability into account, this resulted in 1.6 times higher concentrations for both sampling months. The measured short-term temporal variability in nutrient concentrations near the cages varied up to 2 times from day to day and were 3.5 times higher in the evening compared to the morning. As seasonal investigations were performed in the morning, maximum enhancement was likely underestimated. The rapid decrease in nutrient concentrations with increasing distance from the cages suggests that the farm studied here is currently not causing significant degradation of surface water quality. Results of this study contribute to evaluating the potential for ecological mitigation of waste nutrients and provide directions for design of optimized integrated multi-trophic aquaculture facilities.
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