文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xu, Wen ¹ ; Liu, Lei ³ ; Cheng, Miaomiao ⁴ ; Zhao, Yuanhong ⁵ ; Zhang, Lin ⁵ ; Pan, Yuepeng ⁶ ; Zhang, Xiuming ⁷ ; Gu, Ba ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.China Agr Univ, Beijing Key Lab Cropland Pollut Control & Remedia, Key Lab Plant Soil Interact MOE, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Shuangqing Rd 18, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China

3.Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Geog Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

4.Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China

5.Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China

6.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China

7.Univ Melbourne, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia

8.Zhejiang Univ, Dept Land Management, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

9.Arizona Dept Environm Qual, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA

10.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China

11.Tianjin Univ, Inst Surface Earth Syst Sci, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China

12.Henan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Nutr Resources & Environm Sci, Henan Key Lab Agr Ecoenvironm, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, Peoples R China

13.Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

14.Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

期刊名称：ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS （ 影响因子：6.133； 五年影响因子：6.546 ）

ISSN： 1680-7316

年卷期： 2018 年 18 卷 15 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Five-year (2011-2015) measurements of gaseous NH3, NO2, and HNO3 and particulate NH4+ and NO3- in air and/or precipitation were conducted at 27 sites in the Nationwide Nitrogen Deposition Monitoring Network (NNDMN) to better understand spatial and temporal (seasonal and annual) characteristics of reactive nitrogen (N-r) concentrations and deposition in eastern China. Our observations reveal annual average concentrations (16.4-32.6 mu g Nm(-3)), dry deposition fluxes (15.8-31.7 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), and wet/bulk deposition fluxes (18.4-28.0 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) based on land use, ranked as urban > rural > background sites. Annual concentrations and dry deposition fluxes of each N-r species in air were comparable at urban and background sites in northern and southern regions, but were significantly higher at northern rural sites. These results, together with good agreement between spatial distributions of NH3 and NO2 concentrations determined from ground measurements and satellite observations, demonstrate that atmospheric Nr pollution is heavier in the northern region than in the southern region. No significant inter-annual trends were found in the annual N-r dry and wet/bulk N deposition at almost all of the selected sites. A lack of significant changes in annual averages between the 2013-2015 and 2011-2012 periods for all land use types suggests that any effects of current emission controls are not yet apparent in N-r pollution and deposition in the region. Ambient concentrations of total Nr exhibited non-significant seasonal variation at all land use types, although significant seasonal variations were found for individual Nr species (e.g. NH3, NO2, and pNO(3)(-)) in most cases. In contrast, dry deposition of total Nr exhibited a consistent and significant seasonal variation at all land use types, with the highest fluxes in summer and the lowest in winter. Based on sensitivity tests by the GEOS-Chem model, we found that NH3 emissions from fertilizer use (including chemical and organic fertilizers) were the largest contributor (36 %) to total inorganic N-r deposition over eastern China. Our results not only improve the understanding of spatial-temporal variations of N-r concentrations and deposition in this pollution hotspot, but also provide useful information for policy-makers that mitigation of NH3 emissions should be a priority to tackle serious N deposition in eastern China.