文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xu, Min ¹ ; Qi, Lu ⁴ ; Zhang, Li-bing ¹ ; Zhang, Tao ¹ ; Yang, Hong-sheng ¹ ; Zhang, Yun-ling ⁵ ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, CAS Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China

2.Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266237, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Mega Sci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China

4.Ocean Univ China, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China

5.Hebei Prov Res Inst Engn Technol Coastal Ecol Reh, Tangshan 063610, Peoples R China

6.Minist Agr, Key Lab East China Sea & Ocean Fishery Resources, Shanghai 200090, Peoples R China

7.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, East China Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Shanghai 200090, Peoples R China

关键词： Ecopath model; Artificial oyster reef; Apostichopus japonicus; Rapana venosa; Ecosystem properties; Sea ranching

期刊名称：AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS （ 影响因子：3.074； 五年影响因子：3.475 ）

ISSN： 1869-215X

年卷期： 2019 年 11 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The deployment of artificial reefs (ARs) is currently an essential component of sea ranching practices in China due to extensive financial support from the government and private organizations. Blue Ocean Ltd. created a 30.65 km(2) AR area covered by oysters in the eastern part of Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea. It is important for the government and investors to understand and assess the current status of the AR ecosystem compared to the system status before AR deployment. We provide that assessment, including trophic interactions, energy flows, keystone species, ecosystem properties and fishing impacts, through a steady-state trophic flow model (Ecopath with Ecosim). The model estimated values of 4721.2 and 4697.276 t km(-2) yr(-1) for total system throughput and 534.74 and -519.9 t km(-2) yr(-1) for net system production before and after AR deployment, respectively. After AR deployment, sea cucumber and oyster showed the same trophic level (TL = 2.0) while veined whelk Rapana venosa had TL = 3.0. The mean TL of catches was 2.484 after AR deployment and the primary production required to support fisheries (PPR) was 1104 t km(-2). Detritus production dominated over primary production and represented 73.82% (2530.82 t km(-2)) of total primary production required. The sea cucumber showed the lowest PPR/catch value (5.6) among functional groups, indicating that fishing catch biomasses were close to primary production values. The total primary production to total respiration and total primary production to total biomass ratios showed higher system maturity after AR deployment. The trophic flow diagram showed 1 grazing and 2 detritus food chains. Pelagic and bottom fish and different benthic organisms, including large crustaceans and zoobenthos, were the dominant community before AR deployment. Zoobenthos was the key functional group, followed by large crustaceans and Gobiidae, which were the most important prey for top predators after AR deployment. We draw the following conclusions for the management of this area: (1) AR deployment contributes to the maturity of the improved ecosystem; (2) the artificial oyster system is similar to a natural reef system; (3) the enhancement and release of benthic animals in the AR area benefit the ecosystem; and (4) low TL catches do not cause the system to collapse.