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The molecular mechanism by which heat stress during the grain filling period inhibits maize grain filling and reduces yield

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Xiaohu 1 ; Zhuge, Shilin 1 ; Du, Jiyuan 1 ; Zhang, Peng 1 ; Wang, Xingyu 1 ; Liu, Tianjian 1 ; Li, Donghui 1 ; Ma, Haoran 1 ; Li, Xinzheng 1 ; Nie, Yongxin 1 ; Liao, Changjian 2 ; Ding, Haiping 1 ; Zhang, Zhiming 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Natl Key Lab Wheat Breeding, Tai An, Peoples R China

2.Fujian Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crops Res, Fuzhou, Peoples R China

关键词： heat stress; maize; grain filling; kernel development; stress response

期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE （ 影响因子：4.8； 五年影响因子：5.7 ）

ISSN： 1664-462X

年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： High temperatures significantly impair plant growth and development by restricting maize grain filling; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress remain poorly understood. In this study, 350 maize inbred lines were evaluated under field conditions, leading to the identification of heat-tolerant Zheng58 and heat-sensitive Qi319. The two inbred lines were exposed to controlled conditions of 30 degrees C/20 degrees C (optimal) and 42 degrees C/30 degrees C (heat stress) during the grain filling period. Heat stress significantly reduced thousand-kernel weight and seed setting rates, with Qi319 experiencing more pronounced declines. In contrast, Zheng58 showed superior performance, with a grain filling rate 48% higher and seed setting rate 57% greater than Qi319. Transcriptome analysis showed that heat stress disrupted starch biosynthesis and hormonal homeostasis, notably affecting abscisic acid and auxin pathways. Additionally, photosynthetic and transpiration rates in panicle leaves were reduced due to the downregulation of genes related to light-harvesting complexes, photosystem I subunits, and water transport. These findings highlight the critical roles of starch metabolism, hormonal regulation, and photosynthetic efficiency in heat tolerance, offering valuable insights for developing heat-resilient maize varieties to mitigate yield losses under high-temperature conditions.

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