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Comparative analysis of rapid alkalinization factor peptide-triggered plant immunity in citrus and closely related species

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Shen, Wenzhong 1 ; Yuan, Mengying 1 ; Chen, Lijuan 1 ; Zhang, Xinxin 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Minist Ag & Rural Affairs, Inst Fruit Tree Res, Key Lab South Subtrop Fruit Biol & Genet Resource, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China

2.South China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Biotechnol Plant Dev, Guangzhou 510631, Peoples R China

关键词： RALF; Citrus; Disease resistance; Plant immunity; Evolution

期刊名称：PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY （ 影响因子：5.7； 五年影响因子：6.4 ）

ISSN： 0981-9428

年卷期： 2025 年 224 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) are plant-derived, cysteine-rich small peptides that play crucial roles in plant development and immunity. However, their function in citrus immunity remains unexplored. This study systematically identified RALF family members in sweet orange, a cultivated citrus species, and five closely related species known for their strong resistance to citrus diseases. Most species contained 13 RALF genes, and their corresponding RALF orthologs exhibited minimal variation in gene structure, sequence identity, conserved domains, and motifs. However, differences in cis-acting elements within promoter regions led to differences in their expression patterns under biotic stress. Compared with sweet orange, citrus-related species exhibited a stronger and more widespread induction of RALF genes. Additionally, RALF peptides, particularly RALF11, triggered more robust immune responses in these species, including ROS bursts, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and the upregulation of defense-related genes. Furthermore, the basal expression levels of CrRLK1Ls, the RALF receptor homologs, were higher in citrus-related species than in sweet orange. Amplifying the RALFCrRLK1L pathway through CrRLK1L overexpression and RALF peptide application significantly enhanced sweet orange resistance to citrus canker. These findings suggest that citrus-related species have endured selective pressure, leading to greater promoter sequence diversity, which is conducive to fine-tune gene expression in response to environmental challenges.

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