文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yang, J. Y. ¹ ; Drury, C. F. ¹ ; Jiang, R. ¹ ; Yang, X. M. ¹ ; Worth, D. E. ³ ; Bittman, S. ⁴ ; Grant, B. B. ³ ; Smith, W. N. ³ ; Reid, K. ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.AAFC, Harrow Res & Dev Ctr, 2585 Cty Rd 20, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada

2.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Plant Nutr Resources & Environm, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

3.AAFC, Ottawa Res & Dev Ctr, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C5, Canada

4.AAFC, Agassiz Res & Dev Ctr, 6947 Highway 7, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada

关键词： Residual soil nitrogen; Nitrous oxide emission; Ammonia emission; Nitrate leaching; CANBNr model

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：8.7； 五年影响因子：8.4 ）

ISSN： 0301-4797

年卷期： 2023 年 341 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Agriculture produces food, fiber and biofuels for the world's growing population, however, agriculture can be a major contributor of nitrogen (N) losses including emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate (NO3) leaching and runoff. A Canadian Agricultural Nitrogen Budget for Reactive N (CANBNr) model was developed to estimate the soil N balance in 3487 soil landscape of Canada polygons from 1981 to 2016. The CANBNr model integrates NH3 emission from fertilizers, manure from housing, storage and field, as well as direct/indirect N2O emissions from fertilizers, manures, crop residues and soil organic matter. The NO3 leaching is estimated based on the residual soil N (RSN) at harvest and drainage derived with the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model. From 1981 to 2016, the N input from fertilizer and N fixation increased at a greater rate than N removal in harvested crops in all provinces of Canada, resulting in an increase in the RSN and N losses. In 2016, the Prairie provinces had lower N losses (11.7 kg N ha(-1)) from N2O, NH3 and NO3 compared with 43.2 kg N ha(-1) in central Canada, and 76.5 kg N ha(-1) in Atlantic Canada. However, the Prairie provinces had 84.3% of the total Canadian farmland (74.3% of the total Canadian N input), while central Canada had 12.9% of Canadian farmland (21.7% of the total Canadian N input). In the Prairie provinces, the total N2O loss from fertilizer N ranged 4.4-8.6 Gg N whereas NH3 loss ranged from 17.1 to 44.6 Gg N and these values were influenced by both emission intensity and total land area. Total N2O losses from manure were highest in Alberta, Ontario and Quebec resulting in 4.8, 4.4, and 3.4 Gg N and NH3 losses from manure were also highest in these 3 provinces at 61.1, 45.2 and 40.4 Gg N, respectively. Nitrate leaching was impacted by drainage volumes, soil type and N inputs. In the non-growing season, NO3 leaching losses (36-yr average) were 63.3 Gg in Ontario and 57.5 Gg N in Quebec compared with 20.8 Gg N for Ontario and 35.5 Gg N for Quebec in the growing season. In contrast, the Prairie provinces showed higher NO3 leaching in the growing season (23.1-37.4 Gg N) than in the non-growing season (10.4-13.7 Gg N). In summary, total fertilizer N increased the most over the 36 years in the Prairies which resulted in increased RSN and N leaching losses that will require further intervention.