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Crop diversification practice faces a tradeoff between increasing productivity and reducing carbon footprints

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Sun, Tao 1 ; Feng, Xiaomin 1 ; Lal, Rattan 2 ; Cao, Tiehua 3 ; Guo, Jinrui 3 ; Deng, Aixing 1 ; Zheng, Chengyan 1 ; Zhang, Jun 1 ; Song, Zhenwei 1 ; Zhang, Weijian 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs China, Inst Crop Sci, Key Lab Crop Physiol & Ecol, Beijing, Peoples R China

2.Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

3.Jilin Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs China, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Key Lab Plant Nutr & Agroenvironm Northeast Reg, Changchun, Peoples R China

关键词： Agricultural diversification; Cropping systems; Crop productivity; Carbon footprint; Life cycle assessment; Northeastern China

期刊名称：AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：5.567； 五年影响因子：6.064 ）

ISSN： 0167-8809

年卷期： 2021 年 321 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： ABSTR A C T Increasing crop biodiversity often increases agro-ecosystem services, however, the effects of crop biodiversity on crop yield and environmental benefits are still unclear. Thus, we conducted a 4-yr field experiment in north-eastern China including continuous maize (CM), continuous soybean (CS), maize and soybean rotation (M-S), and maize and soybean intercropping (M/S) to evaluate the crop productivity, economic returns, carbon foot-print (CF) and carbon sustainability index (CSI) among the cropping system regimes. Compared with CM treatment, M-S and M/S achieved lower energy yield (EY) and maize equivalent economic yield (MEEY), but higher economic returns. The mean annual net revenue of M-S treatment was 7.2% higher, and the mean annual benefit: cost ratio of M-S and M/S treatments were 12.0% and 8.8% higher than those of CM treatment. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA), lower CFs were observed in the M-S and M/S systems. The CF per unit of area (CFA) of M-S and M/S treatments was 21.4% and 51.3% lower than that of the CM treatment, respectively. The CF per kg of energy yield (CFEY) of M/S treatment was 35.4% lower, compared with that of the CM treatment. The CF per kg of maize equivalent economic yield (CFMEEY) under M/S treatment was 44.0% lower, than that of the CM treatment. Moreover, CF per unit of economic output (CFE) of M/S treatment was 45.0% lower than that of the CM treatment. The highest CSI was observed in M-S treatment, and it was 61.4% higher than that of CM treatment. Our findings indicate that diversified crop practice (e.g. maize-soybean intercropping and rotation systems) could achieve lesser carbon footprint and higher profitability, however, might compromise grain or energy yield.

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