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The filamentous fungal pellet and forces driving its formation

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhang, Jianguo 1 ; Zhang, Jining 2 ;

作者机构： 1.Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Med Instrument & Food Engn, 334 Jungong Rd, Shanghai 200093, Peoples R China

2.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Ecoenvironm Protect Res Inst, Shanghai, Peoples R China

关键词： Driving forces;electrophoretic interaction;fungal morphology;hydrophobicity;pellet formation;spore wall components

期刊名称：CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY （ 影响因子：8.429； 五年影响因子：8.981 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Filamentous fungi play an important role not only in the bio-manufacturing of value-added products, but also in bioenergy and environmental research. The bioprocess manipulation of filamentous fungi is more difficult than that of other microbial species because of their different pellet morphologies and the presence of tangled mycelia under different cultivation conditions. Fungal pellets, which have the advantages of harvest ease, low fermentation broth viscosity and high yield of some proteins, have been used for a long time. Many attempts have been made to establish the relationship between pellet and product yield using quantitative approaches. Fungal pellet formation is attributed to the combination of electrostatic interactions, hydrophobicity and specific interactions from spore wall components. Electrostatic interactions result from van der Waals forces and negative charge repulsion from carboxyl groups in the spore wall structure. Electrostatic interactions are also affected by counter-ions (cations) and the physiologic conditions of spores that modify the carboxyl groups. Fungal aggregates are promoted by the hydrophobicity generated by hydrophobins, which form a hydrophobic coat that covers the spore. The specific interactions of spore wall components contribute to spore aggregation through salt bridging. A model of spore aggregation was proposed based on these forces. Additionally, some challenges were addressed, including the limitations of research techniques, the quantitative determination of forces and the complex information of biological systems, to clarify the mechanism of fungal pellet formation.

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