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Closing the yield gap and achieving high N use efficiency and low apparent N losses

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Meng 1 ; Wang, Lichun 2 ; Cui, Zhenling 1 ; Chen, Xinping 1 ; Xie, Jiagui 2 ; Hou, Yunpeng 2 ;

作者机构： 1.China Agr Univ, Ctr Resources Environm & Food Secur, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

2.Jilin Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Environm & Resources Res, Changchun 130033, Peoples R China

关键词： N management;Drip irrigation under plastic mulch;Grain yield;Biomass accumulation;N uptake

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Drip irrigation under plastic mulch (DIPM) has been used to achieve high maize yields in China, but N use efficiency is often low and N losses are high. Here, we designed a DIPM system with optimal N management to close the maize yield gap with high NUE and low N loss and used it in Northeast China in 2014 and 2015. The amount and timing with optimal N rate (ONR) were designed to close the maize yield gap based on the N requirement. Grain yield using the ONR treatments averaged 13.8 Mg ha(-1) during 2014 and 2015, which was 90% of the yield potential simulated by the Hybrid-Maize Model. When N treatment was less than the ONR (70% ONR), grain yield decreased from 13.8 to 11.6 Mg ha(-1). When additional N fertilizer (130% ONR) was applied, no gain in yield was achieved, but N losses increased significantly from 65 to 121 kg N ha(-1). Grain yield was significantly lower in the farmers' typical N practice treatment than that in the ONR treatment. Although 30% more N was applied with farmers' practice, the lowest N use efficiency and greatest N losses were observed. In conclusion, DIPM with optimal N management increased yield potential with high N use efficiency and low N losses in a water-limited region.

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