Long-term fertilization increases soil organic carbon and alters its chemical composition in three wheat-maize cropping sites across central and south China
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： He, Y. T. 1 ; He, X. H. 3 ; Xu, M. G. 1 ; Zhang, W. J. 1 ; Yang, X. Y. 5 ; Huang, S. M. 6 ;
作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Natl Engn Lab Improving Qual Arable Land, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forestry Policy & Informat, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China
3.Southwest Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
4.Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
5.Northwest A & F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
6.Henan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Nutr Resources & Environm, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, Peoples R China
关键词： NMR;SOC complexity index;SOC decomposition index
期刊名称：SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.374； 五年影响因子：6.368 ）
ISSN： 0167-1987
年卷期： 2018 年 177 卷
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Soil organic carbon (SOC) is at the core of soil fertility. Although fertilization strategies can alter SOC stocks, their effects on SOC chemical composition is less known. Using the solid-state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we examined changes in the SOC chemical composition of three soils (0-20 cm depth) from an annual wheat-maize double-cropping system across central to south China. These soils had been subjected to 22 years (1990-2012) long-term fertilization. Compared with no-fertilization control, SOC stocks were significantly increased under chemical fertilization (NPK), NPK plus straw (NPKS), and NPK plus manure (NPKM). The O-alkyl C (labile C), not the alkyl C (persistent C), was consistently increased across the three fertilized treatments. Additionally, all fertilized treatments decreased the ratio of alkyl-C/O-alkyl-C (SOC decomposition index) or aliphatic-C/aromatic-C (SOC complexity index), indicating that the SOC decomposition was delayed, or SOC was converted into a more complicated structure. The soil C of NMR-determined functional groups (alkyl C, O-alkyl C, aromatic C, and carbonyl C) was positively correlated with the cumulative C input (P < 0.05). The conversion rate of functional groups was highest in O-alkyl C, indicating a largest contribution to the increase of SOC accumulation. Soil C:N ratio, pH, and clay were the main factors affecting the functional-group conversion rates, whereas annual precipitation, temperature, and accumulated temperature (> 10 degrees C) played smaller roles. In conclusion, these results can be applied to the improvement of agricultural soil C sequestration capacity through changing SOC chemical structure under long-term fertilizer managements.
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