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Characterizing Changes from a Century of Genetic Improvement of Soybean Cultivars in Northeast China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wu, Tingting 1 ; Sun, Shi 1 ; Wang, Caijie 1 ; Lu, Wencheng 2 ; Sun, Bincheng 3 ; Song, Xiqing 4 ; Han, Xiaozeng 5 ; Guo, 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Soybean Ind Technol R&D Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

2.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Heihe Branch, Heihe 164300, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China

3.Hulunbeier Inst Agr Res, Zhalantun 162650, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China

4.Heilongjiang State Farm Management Bur, Jiusan Res Inst, Jiusan 161441, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China

5.Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Natl Observat Stn Hailun Agroecol Syst, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China

6.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Jiamusi Branch, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China

7.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Res Inst, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China

8.Changchun Acad Agr Sci, Changchun 130111, Jilin, Peoples R China

9.Jilin Municipal Acad Agr Sci, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, Peoples R China

10.Tieling Acad Agr Sci, Tieling 112616, Liaoning, Peoples R China

期刊名称：CROP SCIENCE （ 影响因子：2.319； 五年影响因子：2.631 ）

ISSN： 0011-183X

年卷期： 2015 年 55 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The first soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding program in China was established in the northeast in 1913. A trend analysis of widely grown cultivars across Chinese soybean breeding history may provide a better perspective on the genetic progress in soybean. The objective of the current study was to assess the genetic change of 15 phenological, yield, and agronomic traits on widely grown cultivars in northeast China. Sixty-four soybean cultivars representing a span of 84 yr (1923-2007) of release were included. The field experiments were conducted at three sites in each region during 2009, 2010, and 2011, and the annual genetic changes were obtained by regression analysis. The results showed that the yield gain in widely grown cultivars of different regions ranged from 6 to 16 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) due to improvements in different yield components in the last nine decades. In addition, modern cultivars demonstrated more upright plant architecture, fewer branches, shorter height, higher lodging resistance, and earlier flowering than obsolete cultivars. However, changes were insignificant in the height of the bottom pod and the node number. The changing rates of yield and phenological traits across these decades were constant, while that of agronomic traits were discontinuous. Days to flowering, branch number, and lodging score were more responsive to environments in new cultivars than in old cultivars. In conclusion, these findings indicate a substantial improvement in the yield, agronomic, and phenological traits resulted from long-term genetic breeding. This study also provides insight into developing new strategies for soybean genetic improvement in China and worldwide.

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