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Chloroplast Functionality at the Interface of Growth, Defense, and Genetic Innovation: A Multi-Omics and Technological Perspective

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhang, Chunhua 1 ; Li, Wenting 1 ; Wu, Yahan 1 ; Li, Shengli 1 ; Hua, Bao 1 ; Sun, Haizhou 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Inner Mongolia Acad Agr & Anim Husb Sci, Inst Anim Nutr & Feed, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China

2.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Grass Feeding Livestock Hlth Breeding & Li, Hohhot 010031, Peoples R China

3.Inner Mongolia Key Lab Herbivore Nutr Sci, Hohhot 010031, Peoples R China

关键词： chloroplast genome; growth-immunity trade-off; crop yield; sustainable agriculture; transcription; omics resources

期刊名称：PLANTS-BASEL （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：4.5 ）

ISSN： 2223-7747

年卷期： 2025 年 14 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Chloroplasts are important in plant growth, development, and defense mechanisms, making them central to addressing global agricultural challenges. This review explores the multi-faceted contributions of chloroplasts, including photosynthesis, hormone biosynthesis, and stress signaling, which orchestrate the trade-off between growth and defense. Advancements in chloroplast genomics, transcription, translation, and proteomics have deepened our understanding of their regulatory functions and interactions with nuclear-encoded proteins. Case studies have demonstrated the potential of chloroplast-targeted strategies, such as the expression of elongation factor EF-2 for heat tolerance and flavodiiron proteins for drought resilience, to enhance crop productivity and stress adaptation. Future research directions should focus on the need for integrating omics data with nanotechnology and synthetic biology to develop sustainable and resilient agricultural systems. This review uniquely integrates recent advancements in chloroplast genomics, transcriptional regulation, and synthetic biology to present a holistic perspective on optimizing plant growth and stress tolerance. We emphasize the role of chloroplast-driven trade-off in balancing growth and immunity, leveraging omics technologies and emerging biotechnological innovations. This comprehensive approach offers new insights into sustainable agricultural practices, making it a significant contribution to the field.

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