文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Guo, Yingwei ¹ ; Zhao, Zhihui ² ; Ge, Fei ¹ ; Yu, Haibin ² ; Lyu, Chenxiao ¹ ; Liu, Yuxin ¹ ; Li, Junya ¹ ; Chen, Yan ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci CAAS, Inst Anim Sci, State Key Lab Anim Biotech Breeding, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

2.Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Coastal Agr Sci, Zhanjiang 524088, Peoples R China

3.Tianjin Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Sci, Tianjin 300381, Peoples R China

关键词： population genetics; genomic characteristics; Leiqiong cattle; selective sweep

期刊名称：ANIMALS （ 影响因子：2.7； 五年影响因子：3.2 ）

ISSN： 2076-2615

年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Long-term geographic isolation and breeding programs both influence population characteristics. Leiqiong cattle, a native breed from the southernmost region of China, are renowned for disease and heat resistance, with two subgroups on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula. However, the genomic differences between them remain unexplored. In this study, we conducted genomic comparisons using whole-genome sequencing data from the two subgroups of Leiqiong cattle and three commercial breeds to assess their population structures. Leiqiong cattle in Hainan exhibited lower genetic diversity and a pure ancestral content due to their isolation from the mainland. In contrast, the subgroup in Guangdong displayed higher genetic diversity and mixed ancestry, influenced by the intrusion of commercial breeds. The genetic divergence between them was evaluated by estimating a genetic distance of 0.08 and a split time of 3400 to 4250 years ago, highlighting the role of geographical barriers in speciation. Notably, two candidate genes were identified through selection sweeps, including PIP4K2A, potentially related to immunity, and TNFSF4, possibly involved in hair follicle development. Our findings reveal the different genetic structures and genomic characteristics in the two subgroups of Leiqiong cattle, providing valuable insights into their evolutionary history and establishing a foundation for future breeding strategies.