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Cucumber Leaf Segmentation Based on Bilayer Convolutional Network

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Qian, Tingting 1 ; Liu, Yangxin 3 ; Lu, Shenglian 3 ; Li, Linyi 1 ; Zheng, Xiuguo 1 ; Ju, Qingqing 4 ; Li, Yiyang 3 ; Xie, Chun 2 ; Li, Guo 3 ;

作者机构： 1.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Sci & Technol Informat, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China

2.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Smart Agr Technol Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China

3.Guangxi Normal Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Key Lab Multisource Informat Min & Secur, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China

4.Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Informat Technol Agr, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China

关键词： dense target detection; attention mechanism; instance segmentation; canopy; greenhouse

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 14 卷 11 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： When monitoring crop growth using top-down images of the plant canopies, leaves in agricultural fields appear very dense and significantly overlap each other. Moreover, the image can be affected by external conditions such as background environment and light intensity, impacting the effectiveness of image segmentation. To address the challenge of segmenting dense and overlapping plant leaves under natural lighting conditions, this study employed a Bilayer Convolutional Network (BCNet) method for accurate leaf segmentation across various lighting environments. The major contributions of this study are as follows: (1) Utilized Fully Convolutional Object Detection (FCOS) for plant leaf detection, incorporating ResNet-50 with the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) to enhance Region of Interest (RoI) feature extraction from canopy top-view images. (2) Extracted the sub-region of the RoI based on the position of the detection box, using this region as input for the BCNet, ensuring precise segmentation. (3) Utilized instance segmentation of canopy top-view images using BCNet, improving segmentation accuracy. (4) Applied the Varifocal Loss Function to improve the classification loss function in FCOS, leading to better performance metrics. The experimental results on cucumber canopy top-view images captured in glass greenhouse and plastic greenhouse environments show that our method is highly effective. For cucumber leaves at different growth stages and under various lighting conditions, the Precision, Recall and Average Precision (AP) metrics for object recognition are 97%, 94% and 96.57%, respectively. For instance segmentation, the Precision, Recall and Average Precision (AP) metrics are 87%, 83% and 84.71%, respectively. Our algorithm outperforms commonly used deep learning algorithms such as Faster R-CNN, Mask R-CNN, YOLOv4 and PANet, showcasing its superior capability in complex agricultural settings. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of our method for accurate recognition and segmentation of highly overlapping leaves in diverse agricultural environments, significantly contributing to the application of deep learning algorithms in smart agriculture.

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