Unraveling the genetic diversity and adaptive traits of laboratory pig breeds within the perspective of whole - genome resequencing
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Yuan, Haonan 1 ; Li, Changwen 2 ; Zhao, Shengguo 1 ; Yang, Yanan 1 ; Chao, Zhe 3 ; Xia, Changyou 2 ; Quan, Jinqiang 1 ; Gao, Caixia 2 ;
作者机构： 1.Gansu Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Agr Sci CAAS, Natl Poultry Lab Anim Resource Ctr, State Key Lab Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Harbin Vet Res Inst,Heilongjiang Prov Key Lab Lab, Harbin 150069, Peoples R China
3.Hainan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Sci & Vet Med, Key Lab Trop Anim Breeding & Dis Res, Haikou 571100, Peoples R China
关键词： Animal models; Local experimental pigs; Genetic variations; Selection signatures; Stopgain
期刊名称：BMC GENOMICS （ 影响因子：3.7； 五年影响因子：4.2 ）
ISSN： 1471-2164
年卷期： 2025 年 26 卷 1 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： As one of the most widely used animal models for human disease research, pigs play a critical role in elucidating disease pathogenesis. However, the genetic characteristics of experimental pig breeds remain underexplored. This study employed whole-genome resequencing to investigate three representative Chinese indigenous pig breeds and two commercial European breeds. Our analysis revealed that indigenous breeds harbor 16.3 million genetic variants (88.3% SNPs), with higher nucleotide diversity compared to commercial breeds. Selective sweep analysis using Fst and pi identified key genes under strong selection, including immune regulators (BTK, IL2RG, RASGRP1), metabolic gene MED12, and neuro-associated SDR16C5, with five genes exhibiting significant allele frequency divergence between populations (P < 0.05). Notably, two signature selective regions on chromosome 6 (181,025-182,387 bp and 144,185,871-144,313,689 bp) were identified, containing fixed missense mutations in coat color gene MC1R (p.T305C/p.G283A) and vision-related gene RPE65 (p.G1503A), indicating strong artificial selection for phenotypic traits. This work systematically characterizes the high genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous pigs and their genomic advantages as disease models, providing critical insights for developing precision biomedical animal models.
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