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Review of Effects of Dam Construction on the Ecosystems of River Estuary and Nearby Marine Areas

文献类型: 外文期刊

作者: Zhang, Xuan 1 ; Fang, Changling 1 ; Wang, Yuan 1 ; Lou, Xiaoyi 1 ; Su, Ying 2 ; Huang, Dongmei 1 ;

作者机构: 1.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, East China Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200090, Peoples R China

2.Dalian Univ Technol, Coll Ocean Sci & Technol, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China

关键词: dam; river estuary; ecosystem; effect

期刊名称:SUSTAINABILITY ( 影响因子:3.889; 五年影响因子:4.089 )

ISSN:

年卷期: 2022 年 14 卷 10 期

页码:

收录情况: SCI

摘要: Dams have made great contributions to human society, facilitating flood control, power generation, shipping, agriculture, and industry. However, the construction of dams greatly impacts downstream ecological environments and nearby marine areas. The present manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the influence of human activities on the environment, especially the effect of dam construction on the ecosystems of river estuaries and nearby marine areas, so as to provide a scientific basis for ecological environment protection. To summarize these impacts, this review used recent studies to comprehensively analyze how dam construction has affected river hydrology, geomorphology, and downstream ecosystems globally. Effects of dams on ecosystems occur through reduced river flow, reduced sediment flux, altered water temperature, changed estuary delta, altered composition and distribution of nutrients, altered structure and distribution of phytoplankton populations, habitat fragmentation, and blocked migration routes in river sections and adjacent seas. Effects of dam construction (especially the Three Gorges Dam) on the Yangtze River were also reviewed. Performing community and mitigation planning before dam construction, exploring new reservoir management strategies (including targeted control of dam storage and flushing sediment operations), banning fishing activities, and removing unnecessary dams (obsolete or small dams) are becoming crucial tools for ecosystem restoration.

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