Host-Microbiota-Parasite Interactions in Grass Carp: Insights from Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infection
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Li, Fangxiang 1 ; Jiang, Dongdong 1 ; Wang, Qing 2 ; Chang, Ouqin 2 ; Yin, Jiyuan 2 ; Yu, Meiling 1 ; Pan, Houjun 2 ;
作者机构： 1.Guangxi Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Pearl River Fisheries Res Inst, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Aquat Anim Immunol & Sustai, Key Lab Fishery Drug Dev,Minist Agr & Rural Affair, Guangzhou 510380, Peoples R China
关键词： ciliate parasite; microbiome dysbiosis; mucosal immunity; opportunistic bacteria; parasitosis; fish
期刊名称：MICROORGANISMS （ 影响因子：4.2； 五年影响因子：4.6 ）
ISSN：
年卷期： 2025 年 13 卷 4 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： The ciliate parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis poses significant threats to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) aquaculture. However, the limited understanding of host microbiota shifts and immune responses hinders effective control strategies. This study integrated analyses of host pathological indices, immune response and skin/gill/gut microbiota shifts after I. multifiliis infection. A histopathological examination identified gill and fin tissues embedded with I. multifiliis, accompanied by epithelial necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Biochemical profiling revealed marked elevations in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea (UREA), and creatinine (CREA) levels, indicating impaired hepatic and renal function. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses demonstrated the up-regulation of mucosal immune gene IgT and pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha while increasing the trend of systemic immune gene IgM. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed significant reductions in skin microbiota diversity. At the genus level, opportunistic pathogens Aeromonas and Vibrio proliferated in the intestine, whereas Flavobacterium and Candidatus Megaira increased in the skin and gills. Correlation analyses identified positive associations between Aeromonas/Vibrio abundance and host phenotype, contrasting with negative correlations observed for Sphingomonas, Acinetobacter, and Leifsonia. These findings demonstrate that I. multifiliis infection induces host microbiome dysbiosis and potentially opportunistic bacterial infections. This investigation advances our understanding of tripartite host-microbiota-parasite interactions and supports microbial community-based parasitosis control in fish culture.
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