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Why Is the Diversity of Tree Species in China's Lowland Rainforests Higher than in Its Montane Rainforests?

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Pang, Tong 1 ; Yuan, Langxing 4 ; Wei, Yaqing 1 ; Wang, Xin 1 ; Zhang, Ning 1 ; Ji, Kepeng 1 ; Li, Yuwu 2 ; Lan, Guoyu 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Rubber Res Inst, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

2.Qingdao Agr Univ, Coll Landscape Architecture & Forestry, Qingdao 266109, Peoples R China

3.Hainan Danzhou Trop Agroecosystem Natl Observat &, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

4.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Trop Crops Genet Resources Inst, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

关键词： Hainan Island; lowland rainforest; montane rainforest; tree species diversity; niche overlap; distribution pattern

期刊名称：PLANTS-BASEL （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：4.5 ）

ISSN： 2223-7747

年卷期： 2025 年 14 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Despite extensive research on tree species diversity in tropical rainforests, the differences in diversity between lowland and montane rainforests, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. This study utilizes tree inventory data from two dynamic monitoring sample plots, each with an area of 1 hm(2), established in the lowland rainforest and montane rainforest regions of Diaoluo Mountain, Hainan Island. We analyzed the composition, diversity, spatial distribution patterns, and interspecific relationships within the tree communities. In total, 154 tree species with DBH > 3 cm were recorded in lowland rainforests, and 119 were recorded in montane rainforests, with lowland rainforests harboring 51 rare species compared to 40 rare species in montane rainforests. The distribution pattern of small trees (with DBH <= 7.5 cm) exhibited clustering at a small scale but random distribution at a larger scale. This phenomenon was more prevalent in tropical lowland rainforests, indicating that the negative density dependence effect is more pronounced in lowland rainforests compared to montane rainforests. Moreover, a higher proportion of negative associations and lower niche overlaps were observed in the lowland rainforest compared to the montane rainforest, suggesting that niche differentiation among tree species is more pronounced in the lowland rainforest. In conclusion, the more intense negative density dependence effect and niche differentiation are the primary factors contributing to the higher tree species diversity observed in lowland rainforests.

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