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The Effect of Fertilizers on Soil Total and Available Cadmium in China: A Meta-Analysis

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhao, Xiaoning 1 ; Li, Li 1 ; Xue, Lihua 2 ; Hu, Yi 1 ; Han, Jiangang 3 ;

作者机构： 1.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China

2.Xinjiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Grain Crops, Urumqi 830091, Peoples R China

3.Changzhou Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Mat, 666 Liaohe Rd, Changzhou 213032, Peoples R China

4.Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Biol & Environm, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China

5.Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coinnovat Ctr Sustainable Forestry Southern China, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China

6.Natl Positioning Observat Stn Hung Tse Lake Wetlan, Hongze 223100, Peoples R China

关键词： Cd; fertilizers; crop rotations; climate; soil texture

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.7； 五年影响因子：4.0 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 14 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The unreasonable use of fertilizers is a significant cause of cultivated soil cadmium (Cd) accumulation. Although there is research about the effect of fertilizers on soil cadmium (Cd) accumulation under different crops, soils, and cultivation durations locally and specifically, its relative and determinant factors are seldom comprehensively and comparatively researched and evaluated. We used meta-analysis to analyze the effects of fertilizers (mineral fertilizer N, P, K (NPK) with manure (NPKM), NPK with straw (NPKS), and the mineral fertilizer N (N), NK (NK)), crops, duration, climate, and soil texture on the Chinese soil total and available Cd change during 1987-2022. The results showed that the order of the increased soil total and available Cd change was NPKM (total: 62%-104%, available: 61%-143%) > NPKS (50%-86%, 48%-116%) > NPK (25%-50%, 35%-75%) > NK (5%-19%, 19%-33%) > N (2%-6%, 7%-31%). NPKM and NPKS significantly increased the total Cd under maize (104%, 86%) and available Cd under rice (136%, 116%). Cd changed the fastest with the NPKM cultivation duration for total Cd under maize (slope: 5.9) and available Cd under rice (6.6). The change of the soil total and available Cd had the higher value in the semiarid region, clay soils, lower pH, and long cultivations. The change of the soil total and available Cd were highest (398%, 375%) in the semiarid region for clay loam after 20-25 years of NPKM fertilization, when the pH decreased to the lowest (-1.9). According to the aggregated boosted tree analysis, the fertilizers and duration were the best explanatory variable (>53%) for the soil total and available Cd. In conclusion, the soil Cd could be mitigated through reducing the long-term manure, straw, and P fertilizer content with Cd, and field managements such as liming, wetting, and drying according to the crops, climate, and soil texture.

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