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Alternative cropping systems for sustainable water and nitrogen use in the North China Plain

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Meng, Qingfeng 1 ; Sun, Qinping 2 ; Chen, Xinping 1 ; Cui, Zhenling 1 ; Yue, Shanchao 1 ; Zhang, Fusuo 1 ; Roemheld, V 1 ;

作者机构： 1.China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Dept Plant Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

2.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Plant Nutr & Resources, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

3.Univ Hohenheim, Inst Crop Sci, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany

关键词： Sustainable agriculture;Water management;Nitrogen management;Cropping system

期刊名称：AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：5.567； 五年影响因子：6.064 ）

ISSN： 0167-8809

年卷期： 2012 年 146 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Serious water deficits and excessive nitrogen (N) applications are threatening the sustainability of intensive agriculture in the North China Plain (NCP). This study examined the possibility of replacing the conventional system (Con.W/M) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and summer maize (Zea mays L), with an optimized double cropping system (Opt.W/M), a 2-year system (winter wheat/summer maize-spring maize, W/M-M), and a monoculture system (spring maize, M) based on optimal water and N management strategies. From 2004 to 2010, a long-term field experiment conducted in the NCP showed that although >70 mm of irrigation water can be saved with Opt.W/M compared with Con.W/M, annual net groundwater use under Opt.W/M was still 250 mm. 65-90% of which was consumed during the winter wheat season. When wheat production was decreased, 35% and 61% of irrigation water could be reduced in W/M-M and M compared to Con.W/M, respectively. As a result, annual groundwater use was decreased to 190 mm in W/M-M and 94 mm in M. Meanwhile, the N fertilizer rate was reduced 59% and 72% in W/M-M and M compared to Con.W/M, respectively. There were no significant differences in net economic returns between Con.W/M and W/M-M across the 6-year period. In the 6 years, no significant economic loss was observed between Con.W/M and M except in the 2008-2010 rotation. The W/M-M and M systems showed great potential to reduce water and N application and achieve groundwater use balance, and thus should be considered for economic and sustainable agricultural development in the NCP. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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