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Maintaining yields and reducing nitrogen loss in rice-wheat rotation system in Taihu Lake region with proper fertilizer management

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xue, Lihong 1 ; Yu, Yingliang 1 ; Yang, Linzhang 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

关键词： nitrogen use efficiency;N loss;soil fertility;grain yield;rice-wheat rotation;organic amendments

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS （ 影响因子：6.793； 五年影响因子：7.801 ）

ISSN： 1748-9326

年卷期： 2014 年 9 卷 11 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In the Tailake region of China, heavy nitrogen (N) loss of rice-wheat rotation systems, due to high fertilizer-N input with low N use efficiency (NUE), was widely reported. To alleviate the detrimental impacts caused by N loss, it is necessary to improve the fertilizer management practices. Therefore, a 3 yr field experiments with different N managements including organic combined chemical N treatment (OCN, 390 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), 20% organic fertilizer), control-released urea treatment (CRU, 390 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), 70% resin-coated urea), reduced chemical N treatment (RCN, 390 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), all common chemical fertilizer), and site-specific N management (SSNM, 333 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), all common chemical fertilizer) were conducted in the Taihu Lake region with the 'farmer's N' treatment (FN, 510 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), all common chemical fertilizer) as a control. Grain yield, plant N uptake (PNU), NUE, and N losses via runoff, leaching, and ammonia volatilization were assessed. In the rice season, the FN treatment had the highest N loss and lowest NUE, which can be attributed to an excessive rate of N application. Treatments of OCN and RCN with a 22% reduced N rate from FN had no significant effect on PNU nor the yield of rice in the 3 yr; however, the NUE was improved and N loss was reduced 20-32%. OCN treatment achieved the highest yield, while SSNM has the lowest N loss and highest NUE due to the lowest N rate. In wheat season, N loss decreased about 28-48% with the continuous reduction of N input, but the yield also declined, with the exception of OCN treatment. N loss through runoff, leaching and ammonia volatilization was positively correlated with the N input rate. When compared with the pure chemical fertilizer treatment of RCN under the same N input, OCN treatment has better NUE, better yield, and lower N loss. 70% of the urea replaced with resin-coated urea had no significant effect on yield and NUE improvement, but decreased the ammonia volatilization loss. Soil total N and organic matter content showed a decrease after three continuous cropping years with inorganic fertilizer application alone, but there was an increase with the OCN treatment. N balance analysis showed a N surplus for FN treatment and a balanced N budget for OCN treatment. To reduce the environmental impact and maintain a high crop production, proper N reduction together with organic amendments could be sustainable in the rice-wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region for a long run.

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