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Evidence for the circadian gene period as a proximate mechanism of protandry in a pollinating fig wasp

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Gu, Hai-Feng 1 ; Xiao, Jin-Hua 1 ; Dunn, Derek W. 3 ; Niu, Li-Ming 4 ; Wang, Bo 1 ; Jia, Ling-Yi 1 ; Huang, Da-Wei 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Inst Zool, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China

2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China

3.Yunnan Univ Finance & Econ, Stat & Math Coll, Kunming 650221, Yunnan, Peoples R China

4.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Environm & Plant Protect Inst, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, Peoples R China

5.Shandong Agr Univ, Plant Protect Coll, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China

关键词： mutualism system;circadian clock;eclosion;sexual selection

期刊名称：BIOLOGY LETTERS （ 影响因子：3.703； 五年影响因子：4.228 ）

ISSN： 1744-9561

年卷期： 2014 年 10 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Protandry in insects is the tendency for adult males to emerge before females and usually results from intra-sexual selection. However, the genetic basis of this common phenomenon is poorly understood. Pollinating fig wasp (Agaonidae) larvae develop in galled flowers within the enclosed inflorescences ('figs') of fig trees. Upon emergence, males locate and mate with the still galled females. After mating, males release females from their galls to enable dispersal. Females cannot exit galls or disperse from a fig without male assistance. We sampled male and female Ceratosolen solmsi (the pollinator of Ficus hispida) every 3 h over a 24 h emergence period, and then measured the expression of five circadian genes: period (per), clock (clk), cycle (cyc), pigment-dispersing factor (pdf) and clockwork orange (cwo). We found significant male-biased sexual dimorphism in the expression of all five genes. per showed the greatest divergence between the sexes and was the only gene rhythmically expressed. Expression of per correlated closely with emergence rates at specific time intervals in both male and female wasps. We suggest that this rhythmical expression of per may be a proximate mechanism of protandry in this species.

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