文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Niyazbekova, Zhannur ¹ ; Xu, Yuan ¹ ; Qiu, Min ¹ ; Wang, Hao-Ping ¹ ; Primkul, Ibragimov ² ; Nanaei, Hojjat Asadollahpour ¹ ; Ussenbekov, Yessengali ² ; Kassen, Kuanysh ⁴ ; Liu, Yi ⁵ ; Gao, Cai-Yue ¹ ; Akhmetsadykova, Shynar ⁶ ; Ruzikulov, Nuriddin ⁷ ; Jiang, Yu ¹ ; Cai, Yu-Dong ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China

2.Kazakh Natl Agr Res Univ, Fac Vet Med, Alma Ata 050000, Kazakhstan

3.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China

4.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China

5.Tianjin Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Sci, Tianjin 300381, Peoples R China

6.Res & Prod Enterprise Antigen Co Ltd, Abay Village 050409, Almaty, Kazakhstan

7.Samarkand State Univ Vet Med Anim Husb & Biotechno, Samarkand 140103, Uzbekistan

关键词： Eurasian taurine; East; Kazakh white-headed cattle; Alatau cattle; Local breed; Genetic diversity; Whole-genome sequencing; Selection signatures

期刊名称：ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH （ 影响因子：4.7； 五年影响因子：4.7 ）

ISSN： 2095-8137

年卷期： 2025 年 46 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Local cattle breeds play a critical role in breeding programs due to their genetic adaptations to diverse environmental conditions. However, the genomic architecture of local cattle breeds in Kazakhstan remains largely unexplored. This study utilized whole-genome sequencing data from Kazakh cattle to elucidate their genetic composition, uncovering three primary ancestral components: European, Eurasian, and East Asian taurine. The East Asian taurine lineage likely represents the earliest genetic contribution to Kazakh cattle but was largely replaced by subsequent waves of cattle migrations across Eurasia, leaving only a minor genetic signature in the current cattle population. In contrast, Eurasian taurine ancestry predominated in the Alatau and Kazakh local breeds, while the European taurine component was most prevalent in Kazakh white-headed cattle, consistent with their documented breeding history. Kazakh cattle exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower inbreeding coefficients compared to European commercial breeds, reflecting reduced exposure to intense artificial selection. A strong selection signal was identified on chromosome 6 at a locus encompassing PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR, which may be associated with the white-headed pigmentation characteristic of Kazakh white-headed cattle. Additional genes under selection were linked to lipid metabolism (IRS1, PRKG1, and ADCY8), meat production traits (KCNMA1, PDGFRA, HIF1A, and ANTXR1), and dairy production (ATP2B1, DHX15, FUK, NEGR1, CCDC91, COG4, and PTK2B). This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of nuclear genome data from local Kazakh cattle. It highlights the impact of historical cattle migrations across Eurasia on their genetic landscape and identifies key genomic regions under selection. These findings advance our understanding of the evolutionary history of cattle and offer valuable genetic resources for future breeding strategies.