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Revolutionizing Maize Crop Productivity: The Winning Combination of Zigzag Planting and Deep Nitrogen Fertilization for Maximum Yield through Root-Shoot Ratio Management

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zheng, Yongzhao 1 ; Yue, Yang 1 ; Li, Congfeng 3 ; Wang, Yongjun 4 ; Zhang, Hongyu 5 ; Ren, Hong 1 ; Gong, Xiangwei 1 ; Jiang, Ying 1 ; Qi, Hua 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shenyang Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Shenyang 110866, Peoples R China

2.Tonghua Acad Agr Sci, Meihekou 135000, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

4.Jilin Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, State Engn Lab Maize, Changchun 130033, Peoples R China

5.Farming & Anim Husb Bur Tongliao, Tongliao 028005, Peoples R China

关键词： canopy structure; grain yield; nutrients; plant and row spacing; root morphology; leaf morphology; spring maize (Zea mays L.,)

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.7； 五年影响因子：4.0 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2023 年 13 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Maize is the staple food of China, produced on 33.6% of the total arable land. In this context, an effective strategy to enhance maize yield is essential to meet the demand without expanding the cultivation areas. Maize yield can be increased by two key measures: plant-row space optimization and nutrient management. However, in traditional maize cultivation practices, fertilizer utilization by plants is inefficient. We therefore performed a manipulative experiment over two years (2018-2019), applying four treatments: (I) linear planting with nitrogen fertilization at 10 cm depth (CK), (II) linear planting with nitrogen fertilization at 20 cm depth (LD20), (III) zigzag planting with nitrogen fertilization at 10 cm depth (ZD10), and (IV) zigzag planting with nitrogen fertilization at 20 cm depth (ZD20). The aim of this study was to examine the influence of deep nitrogen fertilization and zigzag planting alone and in combination with root distribution, soil properties, canopy structures, and maize yield. Our results showed that all improved maize cultivating strategies (LD20, ZD10, and ZD20) increased the root length density up to 10-30 cm depth of soil layers compared to CK. Similarly, deep nitrogen fertilization increased the photosynthesis rate and leaf area duration after the silking stage. The leaf orientation value of the middle and upper canopies increased in zigzag planting compared to linear planting. It also increased the dry matter accumulation of medium leaves, leaf area duration, and dry matter accumulation after the silking stage. The maize yield was highly increased in ZD20 followed by ZD10, LD20, and the least by CK (traditional cultivating practices) in both years. Our study suggests that zigzag planting provides a higher yield than linear planting. Additionally, deep nitrogen fertilization in zigzag planting significantly increases the population resource utilization rate and yield by optimizing the root-canopy structures. Row spacing and nitrogen fertilization were found to be essential to enhance crop yield by influencing root growth and canopy efficiency.

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