6PPD-quinone exposure induces oxidative damage and physiological disruption in Eisenia fetida: An integrated analysis of phenotypes, multi-omics, and intestinal microbiota

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhou, Hanghai

作者： Zhou, Hanghai;Wang, Xin;Sun, Hong;Li, Hua;Wang, Yuan;Yao, Xiaohong;Tang, Jiangwu;Wu, Zhou;Wu, Zhou;Jiang, Lijia;Zhang, Chunfang;Yan, Zhongyong

作者机构：

关键词： Earthworm; 6PPD-quinone; Oxidative stress; Multi-omics; Intestinal microbial community

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS （ 影响因子：11.3； 五年影响因子：12.4 ）

ISSN： 0304-3894

年卷期： 2025 年 493 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The environmental prevalence of the tire wear-derived emerging pollutant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q) has increasingly raised public concern. However, knowledge of the adverse effects of 6PPD-Q on soil fauna is scarce. In this study, we elucidated its impact on soil fauna, specifically on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Our investigation encompassed phenotypic, multi-omics, and microbiota analyses to assess earthworm responses to a gradient of 6PPD-Q contamination (10, 100, 1000, and 5000 mu g/kg dw soil). Post-28-day exposure, 6PPD-Q was found to bioaccumulate in earthworms, triggering reactive oxygen species production and consequent oxidative damage to coelomic and intestinal tissues. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling revealed several physiological perturbations, including inflammation, immune dysfunction, metabolic imbalances, and genetic toxicity. Moreover, 6PPD-Q perturbed the intestinal microbiota, with high dosages significantly suppressing microbial functions linked to metabolism and information processing (P < 0.05). These alterations were accompanied by increased mortality and weight loss in the earthworms. Specifically, at an environmental concentration of 6PPD-Q (1000 mu g/kg), we observed a substantial reduction in survival rate and physiological disruptions. This study provides important insights into the environmental hazards of 6PPD-Q to soil biota and reveals the underlying toxicological mechanisms, underscoring the need for further research to mitigate its ecological footprint.

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