Vvmrp1, Vvmt1, and Vvmt2 Co-Expression Improves Cadmium Tolerance and Reduces Cadmium Accumulation in Rice

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Han, Hongjuan

作者： Han, Hongjuan;Liu, Qiaoquan;Han, Hongjuan;Wang, Yu;Qian, Cen;Yao, Quanhong

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关键词： multi-gene co-transformation; cadmium accumulation and tolerance; Vvmrp1; Vvmt1; Vvmt2; low-Cd rice breeding

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils severely threatens rice production and food safety. To address this issue, this study developed transgenic rice lines co-expressing three Vitis vinifera genes: the ABCC transporter Vvmrp1 and metallothioneins Vvmt1 and Vvmt2. AlphaFold computational modeling confirmed the conserved ABCC-type transporter domain in VvMRP1. Under hydroponic conditions, transgenic rice showed remarkable Cd tolerance, surviving 30 mM Cd (lethal to wildtype, WT) without growth penalties, and exhibited 62.5% survival at 1 mM Cd vs. complete wild-type mortality. Field-relevant Cd exposure (1 mM) reduced Cd accumulation to 35.8% in roots, 83% in stems, and 76.8% in grains compared to WT. Mechanistic analyses revealed that Vvmrp1 mediates cellular Cd efflux while Vvmt1 and 2 chelate free Cd ions, synergistically inhibiting Cd translocation. Transgenic plants also maintained better Fe, P, and Mg homeostasis under Cd stress. This study pioneers the co-expression of a transporter with metallothioneins in rice, demonstrating their complementary roles in Cd detoxification without pleiotropic effects from endogenous gene modification. The findings provide an effective genetic strategy for cultivating low-Cd rice in contaminated soils, offering significant implications for food safety and sustainable agriculture.

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