文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Bu, Ying

作者： Bu, Ying;Zhang, Xiaoyin;Xiong, Zhanbo;Li, Kexin;Zhang, Shiqi;Zheng, Nan;Wang, Jiaqi;Zhao, Shengguo;Lin, Miao;Zhao, Guoqi

作者机构：

关键词： Red clover isoflavones; Rumen microbiome; Fermentation; Dairy cows; Microbial composition

期刊名称：APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY （ 影响因子：4.3； 五年影响因子：5.1 ）

ISSN： 0175-7598

年卷期： 2025 年 109 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Red clover isoflavones, particularly biochanin A and formononetin, are known for their benefits in enhancing feed efficiency and nitrogen utilization in ruminants. However, their specific effects on rumen fermentation and microbial diversity remain insufficiently explored. This study investigated the impacts of red clover isoflavones on rumen function and bacterial diversity in dairy cows, utilizing both in vivo and in vitro methodologies. In the in vivo study, 40 Holstein dairy cows were allocated to four groups, each receiving red clover isoflavones at doses of 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 g/kg. Rumen fluid was collected for analysis of fermentation parameters, enzyme activity, and microbial composition through shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Concurrently, an in vitro rumen fermentation trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of biochanin A and formononetin on urea hydrolysis. Results from the in vivo experiments showed that red clover isoflavones significantly decreased ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentrations and urease activity in the rumen (P < 0.05). Species level metagenomic analysis indicated a reduced abundance of proteolytic and ureolytic bacteria, such as Prevotella sp002317355 and Treponema_D bryantii_C, with a corresponding increase in cellulolytic bacteria, including Ruminococcus_D sp900319075 and Ruminococcus_C sp000433635 (P < 0.05). The in vitro trial further demonstrated that biochanin A and formononetin significantly reduced urea decomposition rates (P < 0.05), with biochanin A exerting a more pronounced effect. These findings align with the observed reduction in ureolytic and proteolytic bacteria, along with an increase in cellulolytic bacteria across both trials. In conclusion, biochanin A emerged as the primary active component of red clover isoflavones, modulating urea nitrogen hydrolysis and rumen fermentation. This study substantiates previous findings and highlights the potential of red clover isoflavones for enhancing rumen microbial fermentation, offering a promising strategy for future dairy industry applications. Key points center dot Red clover isoflavones inhibit urease activity to decrease the abundance of urealytic bacteria.center dot Biochanin A reduces ammonia nitrogen and urease activity, promoting protein efficiency.center dot Red clover isoflavones may improve dairy cow rumen health and nitrogen utilization. Key points center dot Red clover isoflavones inhibit urease activity to decrease the abundance of urealytic bacteria.center dot Biochanin A reduces ammonia nitrogen and urease activity, promoting protein efficiency.center dot Red clover isoflavones may improve dairy cow rumen health and nitrogen utilization. Key points center dot Red clover isoflavones inhibit urease activity to decrease the abundance of urealytic bacteria.center dot Biochanin A reduces ammonia nitrogen and urease activity, promoting protein efficiency.center dot Red clover isoflavones may improve dairy cow rumen health and nitrogen utilization.

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